Vaccinium pallidum

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Vaccinium pallidum
Vaccinium pallidum.jpg

Vaccinium pallidum

Systematics
Class : Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
Asterids
Order : Heather-like (Ericales)
Family : Heather family (Ericaceae)
Genre : Vaccinium
Type : Vaccinium pallidum
Scientific name
Vaccinium pallidum
Aiton 1789

Vaccinium pallidum ( English hillside blueberry, Blue Ridge blueberry, late lowbush blueberry, early lowbush blueberry ) is a species of the heather family. It is native to central Canada ( Ontario ) and the central and eastern United States (from Maine west to Wisconsin and south to Georgia and Louisiana ) as well as the Ozarks of Missouri , Arkansas , southeast Kansas, and eastern Oklahoma . The TNC classifies the species as safe ("G5").

description

Vaccinium pallidum is a deciduous, upright shrub . It normally reaches a height of 23… 51 cm, but can reach between 8 and 100 centimeters depending on the environmental conditions. Its populations are usually colonies of clones sprouting from the rhizome . The shrub has greenish-brown to red bark, the smaller branches can be green, reddish, yellowish or gray. The alternate leaves are also variable. They are generally roughly oval and 2… 6 cm long. They are green to yellowish or bluish in color and turn red in autumn. The flowers are cylindrical, bell-shaped or urn-shaped and are grouped in clusters of up to eleven. They are white to purple or greenish, or "greenish white with purple stripes", and about half an inch to one centimeter long. They are pollinated by bees ( bumblebees and the sand bee Andrena carlini ) . The fruit is a berry up to 1.2 centimeters in length. It is blue to bright black with a waxy coating or (rarely) pure white. It contains several seeds, some of which are generally not vital. The plant reproduces sexually or vegetatively through sprouting rhizomes.

Ecology and diffusion

Vaccinium pallidum grows in many biotope types, for example in oak and chestnut forests, maple-dominated quarries , pine heaths and savannahs and a variety of forest types. The species belongs to the undergrowth of such tree species as red oak ( Quercus rubra ), dyer's oak ( Quercus velutina ), American white oak ( Quercus alba ), Quercus stellata ( English post oak ), chestnut oak ( Quercus montana ), black -Oak ( Quercus marilandica ), Pinus virginiana ( English Virginia pine ), spruce pine ( Pinus echinata ), pitch pine ( Pinus rigida ), frankincense pine ( Pinus taeda ), swamp pine ( Pinus palustris ), Banks pine ( Pinus banksiana ), Canadian hemlock ( Tsuga canadensis ), red maple ( Acer rubrum ) and late blooming bird cherry ( Prunus serotina ).

Vaccinium pallidum occurs frequently on disturbed areas such as roadsides and abandoned fields. It is also part of primeval oak forests in the climax stage in the Piedmont in South Carolina . It grows on dry, rocky soils, sandy-gravelly soils and heavy clay soils. The climate is generally humid .

use

The fruits of the wild plants are eaten by many bird and other animal species. Each individual fruit has around eight kilocalories. For people it tastes "sweet to bland". The fruits are eaten fresh or processed into pies or jellies . In some areas the fruit is collected and sold commercially, such as northeast Alabama and northwest Georgia. The plant is also grown as an ornamental plant.

Taxonomy

eFloras.org , a Missouri Botanical Garden project , lists the following synonyms:

  • Cyanococcus liparis Small
  • Cyanococcus margarettae (Ashe) Small
  • Cyanococcus pallidus (Aiton) Small
  • Cyanococcus subcordatus Small
  • Cyanococcus tallapusae Coville ex Small
  • Cyanococcus vacillans (Kalm ex Torrey) Rydberg
  • Vaccinium altomontanum Ashe
  • Vaccinium corymbosum var. Pallidum (Aiton) A. Gray
  • Vaccinium margarettae Ashe
  • Vaccinium vacillans Kalm ex Torrey
  • Vaccinium vacillans var. Crinitum Fernald
  • Vaccinium vacillans var. Missouriense Ashe
  • Vaccinium viride Ashe

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g D. A. Tirmenstein: Vaccinium pallidum . In: Fire Effects Information System . US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. 1991. Retrieved May 3, 2019.
  2. ^ Vaccinium pallidum, 2014 county distribution map . Biota of North America Program. Retrieved May 3, 2019.
  3. ↑ a b c d Bruce A. Sorrie, Alan S. Weakley, Gordon C. Tucker: Vaccinium pallidum . In: Flora of North America @ eFloras.org . Retrieved May 3, 2019.

Web links