Émile Clapeyron
Émile Clapeyron ( Benoît Paul Émile Clapeyron ) (born January 26, 1799 in Paris , † January 28, 1864 ibid) was a French physicist .
He completed his training at the École polytechnique and the École des Mines . He then went to Saint Petersburg with Gabriel Lamé , where he worked as a math teacher and engineer from 1820 to 1830. After returning to France he worked as a civil engineer (including building the first French railroad from Paris to St. Germain in 1835 ) and in 1844 became professor of mechanical engineering and mechanics at the École nationale des ponts et chaussées in Paris.
In his work Mémoire sur la puissance motrice de la chaleur (1834), Clapeyron developed a graphic representation of Sadi Carnot's thermodynamic cycle processes . He also gave Carnot's work a mathematical form; the equation of state for ideal gases in the form commonly used today also comes from him. The Clausius-Clapeyron equation he introduced for the evaporation phase transition in liquids was extended by Rudolf Clausius in 1850 . An equation of the beam theory is named after him in structural engineering, the so-called three-moment equation on the continuous beam from 1857, which he developed during the calculations for the Asnières railway bridge .
In March 1858 he became a member of the Académie des Sciences . His name was immortalized as one of the 72 names on the Eiffel Tower in Paris.
Publications
- Treatise on the moving power of heat (= Ostwald's classic of the exact sciences. No. 216). Academic Publishing Company, Leipzig 1926
literature
- Karl-Eugen Kurrer : History of Structural Analysis. Ernst & Sohn , Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-433-01641-0
- ders .: The History of the Theory of Structures. From Arch Analysis to Computational Mechanics. Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-433-01838-5
See also
Remarks
- ↑ published in German translation at Ostwalds Klassikern in 1926
- ↑ Leonardo Fernández Troyano: Bridge Engineering. A global perspective. Colegio de Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puentes, Thomas Telford 2003, ISBN 0-7277-3215-3 , p. 357
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Clapeyron, Émile |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Clapeyron, Benoît Paul Émile |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 26, 1799 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Paris |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 28, 1864 |
| Place of death | Paris |