Eastern bamboo lemur
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Eastern bamboo lemur ( Hapalemur griseus ) |
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| ( Link , 1795) |
The eastern bamboo lemur or eastern half- lemur ( Hapalemur griseus ) is a primate species from the lemur group .
features
Eastern bamboo lemurs reach a head body length of 24 to 30 centimeters, the tail is 32 to 40 centimeters, significantly longer than the body. The weight is 0.75 to 1.05 kilograms. Their fur is gray or olive gray on the upper side, on the head, on the shoulders and sometimes on the back the color turns reddish brown. This reddish brown color is more evident in animals from the south of the distribution area. The belly is whitish-light gray, the tail dark gray. The face is gray, the ears are small and rounded, and the muzzle is short , as with all bamboo lemurs . In addition to other scent glands, they also have two specialized arm glands, similar to the ring-tailed lemur .
distribution and habitat
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Eastern bamboo lemurs, like all lemurs, are found only in Madagascar , their range extends along the east coast of the island roughly between Lake Alaotra and the Mananara River. Due to the uncertainties in the separation of new species and the hybridization areas with other bamboo lemurs, the exact extent of the range is controversial. The habitat of these animals are tropical rainforests lined with bamboo .
Lifestyle and diet
These primates are mostly active during the day or at dusk, but their calls can also be heard at night. They are tree dwellers who tend to stay on vertical trunks and branches, their locomotion is vertical climbing and jumping. They live in groups of two to seven (sometimes up to eleven) animals. Smaller groups are made up of a male and a female; larger groups can contain several reproductive females. They are territorial animals, their roaming areas cover around 15 to 20 hectares, the territories are marked with glandular secretions and calls.
Natural enemies include the fossa , large birds of prey such as the Madagascar cave harrier and the Madagascar goshawk, and snakes such as the Madagascar dog-headed boa .
The food of the Eastern bamboo lemur is about 80% of bamboo , while young leaves, shoots and Mark prefer. They also eat other leaves, fruits, buds and occasionally mushrooms.
Reproduction
After a gestation period of around 140 days, the female gives birth to a single young in October or November. At first the mother carries the young in her mouth, later she lets it ride on her back or "parks" it in a sheltered place while searching for food. Young animals eat bamboo for the first time at six weeks and are weaned at four months. The maximum known age of an animal in human care was 17 years.
Danger
The main dangers of the eastern bamboo lemur include hunting on the one hand, and the loss of its habitat through slash and burn and the deforestation of the bamboo thickets on the other. The IUCN estimates that the total population has declined by more than 30% in the last 27 years (three generations) and lists the species as "endangered" ( vulnerable ).
The species is no longer kept in Europe, former owners are Asson, Duisburg, Frankfurt and Hamburg.
Systematics
The eastern bamboo lemur is one of six species of bamboo lemur identified by Mittermeier et al. (2008) are listed. With the western and southern bamboo lemur it was previously combined as gray bamboo lemur or gray half-lemur, today these species are separated. The Alaotra bamboo lemur is now also considered an independent species. In 2008, the Gilbert bamboo lemur was separated due to differences in the karyotype , apart from that little is known about this species.
literature
- Nick Garbutt: Mammals of Madagascar. A Complete Guide. Yale University Press, New Haven CT 2007, ISBN 978-0-300-12550-4 .
- Thomas Geissmann : Comparative Primatology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin et al. 2002, ISBN 3-540-43645-6 .
- Russell A. Mittermeier , Jörg U. Ganzhorn, William R. Konstant, Kenneth Glander, Ian Tattersall , Colin P. Groves , Anthony B. Rylands, Andreas Hapke, Jonah Ratsimbazafy, Mireya I. Mayor, Edward Louis jr, Yves Rumpler, Christoph Schwitzer, Rodin Rasoloarison: Lemur Diversity in Madagascar. In: International Journal of Primatology. 29, 2008, ISSN 0164-0291 , pp. 1607-1656.
Web links
- Hapalemur griseus onthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . Retrieved April 6, 2009.