Transitional Government of National Unity (Namibia)
The transitional government of national unity ( English Transitional Government of National Unity , TGNU), also commonly known as the transitional government called, was the government of South West Africa / Namibia in June 1985 to February 1989. In it followed 1989 the first free elections for the future independent Namibia .
background
Following the gymnasium conference , the first multi-ethnic elections were held in South West Africa in 1978 and a national assembly and a Ministers' Council were formed. Dirk Mudge became chairman of the Council of Ministers and thus de facto Prime Minister. As early as 1972 the United Nations had decided that SWAPO was the “only legitimate representative” of the Namibian people. But since SWAPO was not invited to the gym conference, the party boycotted the following elections. The United Nations Security Council then declared the elections null and void and the interim government illegitimate.
As a result of conflicts between the South African government and the SWA Council of Ministers, Dirk Mudge resigned on January 10, 1983, the 72-member National Assembly was dissolved with effect from January 18, and South Africa took over without holding the planned elections, either legislative as well as executive powers and thus again the full administrative power over South West Africa. Mudge had accused the government of Pieter Willem Botha of undermining the Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA), using the South African legislation to conduct racial discrimination and that the SADF interfered in political issues.
The power vacuum that followed was filled by South African administrators. After Danie Hough's resignation, Willie van Niekerk, a member of the South African President's Council from 1981 to January 31, 1983 , became Administrator-General (German: General Administrator ) for South West Africa and Jan F. Greebe on February 1, 1983 from the South African government appointed Chief Executive Officer . A judicial commission was set up. With Resolution 532 , the UN Security Council called on South Africa to press ahead with the process of releasing the territory towards its independence.
Subsequently, a State Council (German: Staatsrat) was founded on the initiative of the General Administrator in May 1983 . The idea of this council failed, however, and in September the Multi-Party Conference (MPC, German: Multi-Party Conference ) was formed, which consisted of 19 parties, from which SWAPO was again excluded. The MPC issued the Windhoek Declaration in 1984, which laid down the basic principles and the declaration of fundamental rights and objectives for the establishment of a transitional government of national unity.
Establishment of the transitional government
On June 17, 1985, the Transitional Government of National Unity (TGNU, German: Transitional Government of National Unity ) was installed by the General Administrator. Its legislative and executive measures were subject to approval from Pretoria. The authorization norm required for this was issued with the proclamation R 101/1985 .
The newly appointed General Administrator Louis Pienaar had a right of veto on all legislation that was passed. The conference was dominated by the Democratic Gym Alliance (DTA), which was an alliance of ethnically based, unelected political parties. The transitional government consisted of a National Assembly with 62 mandate seats and an 8-seat Council of Ministers. The seats were allocated so that the DTA got 22 seats and five smaller parties got 8 seats each: Labor Party (LP), the National Party of South West Africa (NP), the Rehoboth Free Democratic Party, the South West African National Union (SWANU), and the SWAPO Democrats (SWAPO-D). However, the DTA's position was not as strong as it was in the previous government after the 1978 elections, where it received 41 out of 50 seats. In this case, the small parties could overrule the DTA.
On March 1, 1989, TNGU was dissolved under the terms of Resolution 435 of the United Nations, thus clearing the way for the parliamentary elections in November 1989. SWAPO won the elections but missed the two-thirds majority that would have allowed the constitution to be drafted in its own way.
cabinet
| Presidency period | Office or department | Surname | Political party |
|---|---|---|---|
| General administrator | Louis Pienaar | no; of South Africa used | |
| June 17, 1985-16. September 1985 May 1, 1987 - July 31, 1987 |
Traffic and transportation | Dawid Bezuidenhout | Labor Party (LP) |
| September 17, 1985 - December 16, 1985 | Local administration and city affairs | Johannes Diergaardt | Rehoboth Free Democratic Party (RFDP) |
| December 17, 1985 - March 16, 1986 January 18, 1988 - April 17, 1988 |
Work, health and welfare | Moses Katjiuongua | SWANU |
| March 17, 1986 - June 16, 1986 | Justice, information, post and telecommunications | Fanuel Kozonguizi | Democratic Gym Alliance (DTA) |
| June 17, 1986 - September 16, 1986 April 18, 1988 - July 17, 1988 December 1988 - January 1989 |
Education and Central Institutions | Andrew Matjila | DTA |
| September 17, 1986 - December 16, 1986 July 18, 1988 - October 17, 1988 |
Finance and Government Affairs | Dirk Mudge | DTA |
| December 17, 1986 - January 31, 1987 | Agriculture, water and fishing | Ebenezer van Zijl | South West National Party (SWNP) |
| February 1, 1987 - April 30, 1987 October 18, 1988 - December 1988 |
Conservation, mining, trade and tourism | Andreas Shipanga | South West Africa People's Organization-Democrats (SWAPO-D) |
| August 1, 1987 - January 17, 1988 | Jan de Wet | SWNP | |
| January 1989 - February 28, 1989 | Harry Booysen | LP | |