ČSD series 456.0
| ČSD series 456.0 | |
|---|---|
| Numbering: | 456.001-027 |
| Number: | 27 |
| Manufacturer: | Českomoravská piston / ČKD , Praha |
| Year of construction (s): | 1927-1932 |
| Retirement: | until 1972 |
| Type : | 1'D2 'h2t |
| Gauge : | 1435 mm ( standard gauge ) |
| Length over buffers: | 14,905 mm |
| Total wheelbase: | 11,560 mm |
| Smallest bef. Radius: | 135 m |
| Empty mass: | 81.84 / 82.8 * / 84.32 ** t |
| Service mass: | 83.4 / 86 * t |
| Friction mass: | 58.7 / 59 * / 59.4 ** t |
| Top speed: | 80 km / h |
| Indexed performance : | 1,220 kW |
| Driving wheel diameter: | 1,575 mm |
| Impeller diameter: | 994 mm |
| Control type : | Heusinger |
| Number of cylinders: | 2 |
| Cylinder diameter: | 600 mm |
| Piston stroke: | 720 mm |
| Boiler overpressure: | 13 bar |
| Number of heating pipes: | 112 |
| Number of smoke tubes: | 74 |
| Grate area: | 4.4 m² |
| Radiant heating surface: | 14.48 m² |
| Tubular heating surface: | 202.62 m² |
| Superheater area : | 82.88 m² |
| Evaporation heating surface: | 217.1 m² (in contact with water) |
| Water supply: | 13.5 / 13 * / 13 ** m³ |
| Fuel supply: | 7 / 8.5 * / 7 ** m³ coal |
| * Nos. 09-13; ** No. 14-27 | |
The vehicles of the CSD series 456.0 were vierfachgekuppelte passenger train - tank locomotives of Czechoslovak State Railways (CSD).
history
In the second half of the 1920s, the ČSD needed new, powerful locomotives for the excursion traffic in the capital Prague . Especially on the route from Prague to Benešov u Prahy with its 12 per thousand ramps, the triple-coupled locomotives of the 365.0 series used up to now were overwhelmed with the high train loads. At that time, the passenger trains on this route consisted of up to 18 two-axle passenger cars.
The locomotive factory Českomoravská-Kolben as (formerly the First Bohemian-Moravian Machine Factory ; ČMK) in Praha- Libeň received the order to build new tank locomotives . In 1927 the first two locomotives with the serial numbers 1100 and 1101 were completed. Another six identical locomotives were built in 1928. They were initially given the numbers 446.001 to 446.008, and only after the maximum speed had been increased did they receive the series designation 456.0 in 1931. Another 19 locomotives - which differed slightly from the first series in their dimensions - were delivered to ČSD in 1929, 1931 and 1932.
As planned, the locomotives were initially based in Prague. It was only after the Second World War that the locomotives were temporarily used in Slovak and Moravian depots. In the 1960s, some of the locomotives were also based in Děčín in North Bohemia , where they were used together with Prague locomotives in passenger train service on the Prague – Děčín route . An important area of application for the locomotives at that time was the cross-border traffic to Bad Schandau . Here they were used for all types of trains.
In 1972, the 456.025 was the last locomotive to be retired. None of the ČSD 456.0 series has been preserved in a museum.
technical features
The new locomotive was derived from the ČSD class 455.1 . The boiler had almost the same parameters, it already had the small tube superheater and, compared to the 455.1 series, a larger fire box .
The locomotive was designed with a 1'D 2 'wheel arrangement. It was the first locomotive with this wheel arrangement for the ČSD . At the time it was built, it was the heaviest locomotive on the state railway . The front running axle and the first driven coupling axle formed a Krauss-Helmholtz steering frame . The other coupled axles were fixed in the frame. The second coupled axle had wheel tires weakened by 14 mm and was designed as a drive axle .
For weight reasons, the rear bogie was not braked. For example, the locomotive did not have enough braking hundredths when traveling alone , and under certain conditions the speed had to be reduced.
See also
literature
- Jindřich Bek, Zdeněk Bek: Encyklopedie železnice - Parní lokomotivy [3] . Nakladatelství Corona, Praha, 2000 ISBN 80-86116-20-4 .
- Josef Motyčka: Encyklopedie železnice - Parní lokomotivy [5] . Nakladatelství Corona, Praha, 2001 ISBN 80-86116-23-9 .
- Jindřich Bek, Josef Janata, Jaroslav Veverka: Malý atlas lokomotiv 1, Parní lokomotivy, Nadas, Praha
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Miroslav Malec, Michal Martínek, Naše lokomotivy , Albatros, Praha, 1984, page 57