Libeň (Prague)
Libeň | |||
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Basic data | |||
State : |
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Region : | Hlavní město Praha | ||
Municipality : | Praha | ||
Administrative district : | Prague 8 , Prague 7 , Prague 9 | ||
Geographic location : | 50 ° 7 ′ N , 14 ° 28 ′ E | ||
Residents : | 27,506 (March 1, 2001) | ||
Postal code : | 180 00 |
Libeň (German love ) is a district of the Czech capital Prague .
history
Libeň was probably founded at the beginning of Bohemian history . The first written evidence comes from 1039, but archaeological finds indicate an older settlement. In Bohemian sagas Libussa is said to have prophesied her prophecies here and administered her land from here.
A festival on the banks of the Rokytka River is reported from this period . The first proven ruler of the festivals was winemaker Bavor . The vineyards belonged to the Lords of Podviní until the 14th century . The first landlords of the village were the Rotlev dynasty from 1363 to 1436 , followed by the family of the baker Wenzel Cook , the nobles of Ludmila z Chýš az Jirně , Wenzel von Swarau (Václav ze Svárova) , Johann von Cimburg (Jan Vlašimský z Cimburka ) and the army commander Václav Vlček z Minic az Čenova .
In the peace of loved ones was in 1608 in the castle loved ones a peace treaty between the Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire Rudolf II. And his brother Matthias signed.
Until 1662, when Libeň was sold in the old town of Prague , they were followed by the nobles von Ruppa , Siegmund Holetz von Blumenaau (Zikmund Holec z Květnice) , under chamberlain of the Bohemian royal crown Nikolaus Brückener von Brückstein (Mikuláš Bryknar z Brukštejna) and finally Johann Hartwig von Nostitz (Jan Hartvík z Nostic) . At the time of the sale by the Nosticers (Nostitzers) , a castle with a chapel, malt house, mill, island, an abandoned paper mill with a hammer mill, customs station and fishing rights in the Vltava belonged to the place . There was also a brewery here (see the street names - U Libenskeho pivovaru (Am Libener Bierbrauhaus) and Pivovarnicka (Brewery Street)). There is also a shipyard here on the Vltava (Ceske Lodenice), where even larger ships are now being built for inland navigation. Libeň was also a domicile for persecuted Jews, at the end of the 16th century the district was popularly known as "Jewish Village".
After the purchase by the City of Prague, Libeň became a popular destination and summer residence of Prague mayors and city officials. Later a reformatory was set up here. In 1769 the old town mayor Friedrich von Friedenberg (Bedřich z Friedenberka) had the rococo chapel on the old castle restored, which was decorated with frescoes by the artist Raab. From 1770 to 1773 Libeň was the seat of the Bohemian Queen, Archduchess Maria Theresa , and in 1786 Emperor Josef II. Emperor Leopold II also stayed in Libeň before his coronation, in 1803 it was Franz I with his court for 6 weeks . In 1849 the administration residing here was moved to Karlín .
On October 29, 1898, the village was named a town. The last mayor was Josef Voctář. In 1901 the city of Libeň was incorporated into Prague. The district also became known through the assassination attempt on May 27, 1942 on the Deputy Reich Protector for Bohemia and Moravia Reinhard Heydrich . He later died in the local Bulovka hospital. In 1991 the district had 29,476 inhabitants. In 2001 Libeň consisted of 1719 apartment buildings in which 27,506 people lived.
Public facilities
There is a church, a primary school, a grammar school, a medical center and a park on the hill above the Libeň Castle, as well as a large Sokol sports house with a falcon coat of arms and the Meteor football field.
Two of Prague's Jewish cemeteries are also located in Libeň , namely the Old and New Prague-Libeň Jewish Cemeteries .
The district administration is located in Libeň Castle and civil weddings are held here. The Bulovka hospital is a large area with individual houses for gynecology and maternity clinic as well as radiology.
In the literature
From 1950 to 1973, Libeň was the residence of the important Czech writer Bohumil Hrabal (1914–1997). Here he wrote many of his most important works (e.g. Sharply monitored trains, I served the English king - both filmed by Jiří Menzel ), in various novels and stories ( Weddings in the house, I thought of the golden times, Gentle barbarians, Automat Welt et al.) He portrayed the life and people of the district. So found with him u. a. also a description of the final destruction of the Old Jewish Cemetery in the 1960s. Only when Hrabal's house (in the back yard of Na Hrázi 24) had to give way to an expansion of the bus station did he and his wife Eliska Plevová move from Libeň to Prague-Kobylisy. Today a "Bohumil-Hrabal-Wand", designed by Tatiana Svatošová in 1999, reminds of the artist, it is one of the sights in the district. In addition, the square at the nearby large local transport station "Palmovka" was named after Bohumil Hrabal.
traffic
![](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Railway_bridge_over_rokytka_ONWB.jpg/220px-Railway_bridge_over_rokytka_ONWB.jpg)
The Praha-Libeň station on the Česká Třebová – Praha railway line , formerly Praha-Libeň horní nádraží ("upper station"), includes the only small marshalling yard of the Prague railway junction in addition to the passenger station , after the much larger Vršovice marshalling yard in the southeast of the city was closed .
Until 1972, the train station Praha-Libeň dolní nádraží ("lower station") on the Lysá nad Labem-Praha railway line was operated by passengers. This section of the route has been closed and largely dismantled since 1984.
Libeň is served by the Prague underground line B , among others .
Sons and daughters of the place
- Naftali Herz Homberg (1749–1841), Jewish educator
- Ernestine Schumann-Heink (1861–1936), opera singer
Web links
- Information about Libeň Czech