Passenger train

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A passenger train , abbreviated to P , is a type of railroad train . These are passenger trains that usually stop at all stops en route. In most European countries, the term has meanwhile been replaced by other names. In Germany, comparable trains are now known as Regionalbahn (RB), in Austria as Regionalzug (R) and in Switzerland as Regio (R). One variant was the passenger train with goods transport .

Development of the term

The term passenger train is used in the broader sense as a synonym for passenger train and thus as a designation for all trains with passenger transport regardless of the train type. To distinguish between freight and service trains, there is a passenger train

"In the broader sense, the general term for all trains that are inserted for the purpose of passenger transport, i.e. including express and express trains "

This was the original meaning of the term. Different travel needs in local and long-distance traffic led to the introduction of accelerated trains in the 19th century. This resulted in different types of trains that had to be differentiated. The "normal" train, which stops almost at every station, was not specifically named for a long time, and was therefore called the general term passenger train . A passenger train in the narrower sense was therefore:

"Designation for a train stopping at all or at the majority of the stations with all or at least the lower class of wagons in contrast to the express or express train that passes longer distances without stopping"

Röll refers to the previously common name of omnibus train .

On many shorter routes - mostly branch lines - all trains intended for passenger transport were passenger trains. Different types of trains were usually only available on longer routes, often main lines.

With the emergence of terms such as local train or regional train , the double meaning ceased at the end of the 20th century. In the German-speaking world, the term passenger train is usually no longer used for a specific type of train, but rather again in the original sense as a generic term for all passenger trains.

Passenger train by country

Germany

General

Passenger train of the German Federal Railroad (Rohrenfeld, 1960)

The term “passenger train” was used as a train type designation after specific generic designations came into use for certain mostly fast-moving trains. The train type designation "Passenger Train" was used by the Deutsche Bundesbahn until the winter of 1968/1969 and was replaced by the new train type " Local train " (N) when the timetable was changed . The Deutsche Reichsbahn used the term until winter 1992.

A special form was the accelerated passenger train , which only stopped at selected stations to increase travel speed. As an official train type (BP), this designation only existed from 1922 to 1928, but the term was still used unofficially.

Today, passenger trains that stop at all stations are marketed as regional trains by Deutsche Bahn AG . There are a number of other names for comparable trains that are operated by other railway companies.

Vehicle material

Passenger trains had to ensure the basic supply for the transport services of the railways. Cars that anyone could use without access restrictions were used as passenger cars. Specializations soon emerged, with separate wagons or compartments being set up for mail, luggage or milk . After the First World War, most of the Länderbahn cars remained in their ancestral regions, but the stocks in southern Germany and Saxony, which had been weakened by reparations , were reinforced by Prussian compartment cars and the Deutsche Reichsbahn built new wagons for passenger trains with the Donnerbüchsen . Nonetheless, wagons that were no longer needed in the upscale passenger train service were repeatedly placed on passenger trains. After the fourth car class was abolished in 1928 and the third class became the cheapest, ticket sales increasingly shifted to the second seat class, so that there was now a shortage of cars in this car class, which was satisfied by new construction and the increased use of through cars. In addition, instead of the labor-intensive locomotive-hauled trains, railcars were built and performed many services. In the Second World War, there were many losses of rolling stock due to war damage and these were poorly compensated for by makeshift passenger cars . Many trains were still equipped with a car for carrying loads. Both the Deutsche Bundesbahn and the Deutsche Reichsbahn had to make do with these vehicles and, by converting them based on war-damaged rolling stock, had to quickly provide new train material before they could procure new, more modern rolling stock by building new ones. After the first rail buses were able to offer a cost-effective alternative to locomotive-hauled trains as early as 1941 , the industry developed this type of vehicle from 1956 as a branch line saver .

Switzerland

The Swiss course book uses the term Regio for trains that stop at all stations and wait for connections to a limited extent. In the timetable, trains stopping at all stations are marked with an "M" in front of them that are not waiting for connections. These are usually service trains that are approved for use, e.g. B. Supply of a train from the depot location to the hub station.

Czech Republic

Passenger train in Ústí nad Labem sever (Aussig North Station), 1986

In the Czech Republic the train type Osobní vlak (literally translated: passenger train ) still exists today. It denotes passenger trains that usually stop at all stops en route. The abbreviation Os is used in the timetables . Trains formed with railcars were previously given the abbreviation MOs for "Motorovy osobní vlak" (motorized passenger train).

Hungary

In Hungary the train type Személyvonat (literally translated: passenger train ) is still ubiquitous. It also describes trains that almost always stop in all stations and stops. In the timetables the trains are shown in black, the abbreviation Személy is common.

See also

Web links

Wiktionary: Passenger train  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. a b Victor Freiherr von Röll, Enzyklopädie des Eisenbahnwesens , Volume 8. Berlin, Vienna 1917, p. 63
  2. ^ Entry omnibus train in the encyclopedia of railways by Victor Freiherr von Röll
  3. Product overview on www.bahn.de
  4. Michael Meinhold : Nothing is impossible: The passenger trains. In: Train formation (3). DRG passenger trains of epoch II. 2nd edition. MIBA- Verlag, Düsseldorf 2004, ISBN 3-89610-216-8 , pp. 78-93.
  5. Michael Meinhold: From MCi to Silberling. In: Train formation 1. DB passenger trains of epoch 3. 2. Edition. Miba-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1996, ISBN 3-86046-006-4 , pp. 80-95.
  6. Michael Meinhold: Rail bus trains: Rote Brummer and Regelwagen. In: Train formation 1. DB passenger trains of epoch 3. 2. Edition. Miba-Verlag, Düsseldorf 1996, ISBN 3-86046-006-4 , pp. 34-37.
  7. Train characterization. (PDF; 119 KiB) Official Swiss Course Book 2016/2017. Federal Office of Transport, p. 8 , accessed on July 3, 2017 : « Train without guarantee for connections and compliance with the timetable. »
  8. ČD and ČSD timetables; different years
  9. Explanation of the train categories (Hungarian)