Makeshift cars
Behelfspersonenwagen are greatly simplified passenger cars of the train . Such vehicles were used in both world wars.
First World War
Already in the first half of the First World War were freight cars equipped for passenger transport. They were primarily used for military transports. As the war continued, the shortage of freight cars also increased. Therefore it was ordered to remove the additional equipment and to make the wagons available for freight traffic again.
Second World War
During the Second World War , such vehicles were developed by the Deutsche Reichsbahn due to a shortage of passenger cars and built in large numbers. In addition to the on the construction of the wagon the wagon type Glmhs Leipzig -building standard design MCi-43 also destroyed were coaches with more usable chassis rebuilt so that the cars have different wheel bases from 7.5 to 8 meters, some with three-axle chassis and variants with access through side doors instead of an entry platform at the front. In addition, from 1944 onwards, the chassis of damaged express train wagons were also built as four-axle bogie wagons , and 63 of the MC4i-44 series (popularly known as Landserschlafwagen) .
Even after the war ended more Behelfspersonenwagen were built and remained in the branch line - passenger until the 1960s ( DB ) and 1970 ( DR ) years of service. Some of them were later used as railway company cars, and in 1957 the DB had four-axle baggage and express goods wagons built from two MBi-43 auxiliary passenger cars each.
The makeshift passenger cars were the last newly built two-axle passenger coaches in Germany. The fact that two-axle vehicles were still being built, although they often no longer met the requirements of modern local transport, was due to the war economy . With the exception of the sidecars of the rail buses , only two-axle vehicles with new car bodies were then reconstructed ( Reko cars ), and some were also converted into three-axle vehicles ( conversion cars ).
Several of these robust vehicles were taken over by museum railways. Some of these cars have been refurbished and some are used in museum trains.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Eisenbahndirektion Mainz (ed.): Official Gazette of the Royal Prussian and Grand Ducal Hessian Railway Directorate in Mainz of December 9, 1916, No. 65. Announcement No. 813, p. 386f.
- ↑ railway magazine 11/1995, p. 48
- ^ P. and S. Wagner: Passenger Car Archive 1. transpress, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-344-00170-1 . P. 181
- ^ P. and S. Wagner: Passenger Car Archive 1. transpress, Berlin 1989, ISBN 3-344-00170-1 . P. 182