Švédské šance (Horní Moštěnice)
| Švédské šance | ||
|---|---|---|
_2.jpg) |
||
| height | 298 m nm | |
| location | Czech Republic | |
| Mountains | Podbeskydská pahorkatina | |
| Coordinates | 49 ° 25 '30 " N , 17 ° 28' 50" E | |
|
||
_1.jpg)
The Švédské šance (German Schwedenschanze , originally Zahonny-Berg ) is at 298 m one of the westernmost foothills of the Podbeskydská pahorkatina ( Vorbeskidenhügelland ). It is located north of the Moštěnka valley on the edge of the Upper Moravian Basin (Hornomoravský úval).
location
The Švédské šance is four kilometers southeast of the city center of Přerov . At the northern foot is Újezdec, east Prusy and Beňov , southwest Horní Moštěnice and in the west Lověšice. The hill is largely unforested and only existed with trees on its summit.
history
The Stolbach Fortress was once located on an island in the Moštěnka River at the southern foot of the hill. It was the seat of the Stolbach branch of the Lords of Doloplas ( Štolbašský z Doloplaz ) and became extinct during the Hussite Wars.
In 1643, during the Thirty Years' War , the troops of the Swedish general Lennart Torstensson set up a fortified camp on the Zahonny mountain. Because of the entrenchment work carried out, the mountain was popularly called "Schwedenschanze". The imperial troops under Matthias Gallas then holed up on the hill Hradisko near Křenovice .
In 1927 an artillery bunker was built on the Švédské šance.
On the night of June 18-19, 1945 , a post-war crime, known as the massacre on the Švédské šance , occurred on the hill , in which a command of the 17th foot regiment from Petržalka under Lieutenant Karol Pazúr after a victory ceremony at the Přerov marshalling yard near Lověšice attacked a train of returnees to Slovakia, driving the mostly women and children travelers out of town. 120 women, 74 children and 71 men were shot on the Švédské šance and the residents of Lověšice were obliged to bury the bodies in a mass grave.
After the end of the Second World War, the Švédské šance served as a position for 80 mm anti-aircraft guns. The bunker system was redesigned several times until 1973. There were three wooden barracks on the hill for the crew. In the meantime, the military use of the Švédské šance has been given up.
The remains of the fortifications from 1643 have been protected as an archaeological monument since 1958 .
literature
- František Hýbl: The tragedy on the Schwedenschanzen at Prerau (Prerov) in June 1945. Summary. In: František Hýbl: Tragédie na Švédských šancích v červnu 1945. pp. 13–15, entire article pp. 1–19, PDF file on rosmus.cz (Czech, German).
Web links
- Pozorovatelny protivzdušné obrany města Přerov Description of the bunker system (Czech).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Description of the monument ÚSKP 16926 / 8-409 in the monument catalog pamatkovykatalog.cz (Czech).
- ↑ Kulturní památka č. 409