4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase

4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase
	Homodimer of HPPD. Catalytic domain red, orange spheres: Fe 2+ , oligomeric domain blue
	Existing structure data : 1SP9
Properties of human protein
Mass / length primary structure	445 amino acids
Secondary to quaternary structure	Homotetramer in bacteria, homodimer in plants
Cofactor	Ascorbate , Fe 2+
Identifier
Gene name	HPD
External IDs	OMIM : 609695 ; UniProt : P93836 ; CAS number : 9029-72-5;
Enzyme classification
EC, category	1.13.11.27 , dioxygenase
Response type	oxidation
Substrate	4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid + O 2
Products	Homogentisic acid + CO 2
Occurrence
Homology family	HOG000221584
Parent taxon	Creature

The 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) is a non-heme-Fe (II) - oxygenase that the second step Tyrosinemia, the conversion of 4-Hydroxy phenylpyruvic in homogentisic acid catalyzed and carbon dioxide. It can be found in almost every aerobic form of life.

The reaction catalyzed by the HPPD. The whereabouts of the atoms involved in the reaction are highlighted.

Biological function

The reaction catalyzed by HPPD is an intermediate step in the breakdown of tyrosine into acetoacetic acid and fumaric acid .

Plants need HPPD to produce plastoquinones and tocopherol .

Individual evidence

↑ M. Gunsior, J. Ravel, GL Challis, CA Townsend: Engineering p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase to a p-hydroxymandelate synthase and evidence for the proposed benzene oxide intermediate in homogeneous formation. In: Biochemistry. Volume 43, Number 3, January 2004, pp. 663-674, ISSN 0006-2960 . doi: 10.1021 / bi035762w . PMID 14730970 .
↑ WE KNOX, M. LeMAY-KNOX: The oxidation in liver of l-tyrosine to acetoacetate through p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate and homogeneous acid. In: The Biochemical journal. Volume 49, Number 5, October 1951, pp. 686-693, ISSN 0264-6021 . PMID 14886367 . PMC 1197578 (free full text).
^ TW Goodwin, EI Mercer: Introduction to Plant Biochemistry. Pergamon Press, 1983.

[1] M. Gunsior, J. Ravel, GL Challis, CA Townsend: Engineering p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase to a p-hydroxymandelate synthase and evidence for the proposed benzene oxide intermediate in homogeneous formation. In: Biochemistry. Volume 43, Number 3, January 2004, pp. 663-674, ISSN 0006-2960 . doi: 10.1021 / bi035762w . PMID 14730970 .

[PMID14886367-2] WE KNOX, M. LeMAY-KNOX: The oxidation in liver of l-tyrosine to acetoacetate through p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate and homogeneous acid. In: The Biochemical journal. Volume 49, Number 5, October 1951, pp. 686-693, ISSN 0264-6021 . PMID 14886367 . PMC 1197578 (free full text).

[3] TW Goodwin, EI Mercer: Introduction to Plant Biochemistry. Pergamon Press, 1983.