AOMedia Video

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AOMedia Video (AV) refers to a series of open , (license fee) freely usable formats for lossy compressed video data that are optimized for video transmission over the Internet . It is being developed by the Alliance for Open Media , which was founded in 2015 by leading companies from the chip industry, on- demand video providers and web browser manufacturers. The first format appeared in March 2018 as AV1 .

features

One argument in favor of AV1 are its royalty-free licensing conditions, with which it stands out, especially from MPEG's main competitor HEVC (H.265) with its complicated and expensive licensing situation for the associated software patents . Whether it can be convincingly demonstrated that the format does not infringe any patents of competing companies is seen as decisive for its chances of dissemination.

In addition, the performance should be state-of-the-art and bring a noticeable increase in bit rate efficiency with a slightly higher computational effort . The performance target is an approximately 50% increase in bit rate efficiency compared to HEVC and its main competitor and AV1 predecessor VP9 . According to an algorithmic assessment using the objective metric PSNR -HVS-M at the beginning of June 2016, the bit rate efficiency was already comparable to that of HEVC. AV1 is specially designed for higher resolutions than are usual in typical usage scenarios of the current generation of video formats ( H.264 ) (extended gamut , higher frame rates , UHD ), and should bring the most drastic increases there. For this purpose, the color space from the ITU-R recommendation BT.2020 and 10 and 12 bit color depth per color component should be supported.

Among other things, AV1 is particularly aimed at use in real-time applications with WebRTC .

technology

The Alliance publishes a reference implementation ( , ) developed in the C programming language and assembler as free software under the conditions of version 2 of the Apache license (ASL 2). The first version 0.1.0 was released on April 7, 2016. aomencaomdec

AV1 adopts Perceptual Vector Quantization (PVQ, a spherical vector quantization) from Daala, which has been tried and tested in the Opus audio format . This requires entropy coding such as area coding , which codes several symbols at once.

root

Three founding members of the consortium have been working individually for a long time on their own alternative video formats, which are now merged in AV1: The AOMVideo series is based on the experimental VP10 or VP9 , the last officially published format of the TrueMotion series (VPx) by Google (formerly On2) , and additional technology from Cisco's format Thor and Daala from the Xiph.Org Foundation / Mozilla . Members of the alliance from the chip industry ( AMD , ARM , Intel , Nvidia ) should ensure a hardware-friendly design.

Launch

Due to the presence of relevant companies in the Alliance, a quick introduction to popular web browsers (Mozilla, Microsoft , Google) as well as to on-demand video services ( Netflix , Amazon , Google) and device manufacturers is assumed.

YouTube announced its intention to move to AV1 as early as possible, starting at the highest resolution levels within six months of the bitstream format being completed .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Sebastian Grüner (golem.de), June 9, 2016: Free video codecs sometimes better than H.265
  2. ↑ https://aomedia.googlesource.com/aom/+/master/LICENSE
  3. ^ The Alliance for Open Media Welcomes New Members and Announces Availability of Open Source Video Codec Project , Alliance for Open Media. April 5, 2016. Retrieved April 7, 2016.  
  4. ^ Jan Ozer: A Progress Report: The Alliance for Open Media and the AV1 Codec , Streaming Media Magazine. April 12, 2016. Retrieved April 13, 2016.