Fala (language)
| Fala | ||
|---|---|---|
|
Spoken in |
Spain | |
| speaker | around 6,500 (estimate, numbers vary between 6,000 and 10,000) | |
| Linguistic classification |
||
| Official status | ||
| Official language in | - | |
| Language codes | ||
| ISO 639 -1 |
- |
|
| ISO 639 -2 |
roa |
|
| ISO 639-3 |
fax |
|
Fala is a Romance language . It represents a branch of Galician-Portuguese and is today used in the communities of San Martín de Trevejo (in Fala: Sa Martín de Trebellu), Eljas (As Ellas) and Valverde del Fresno (Valverdi du Fresnu) in the Valle de Jálama (Val de Xálima) and in the Val du riu Ellas , two valleys in the northwest of the Spanish province of Cáceres on the border with Portugal .
“Fala” is also the regional name for the informal level of language in general, as it is used in the family and the neighborhood.
alphabet
The alphabet has 23 letters:
| Capital letter | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. | B. | C. | D. | E. | F. | G | H | I. | J | L. | M. | N | O | P | Q | R. | S. | T | U | V | X | Z | |||
| lowercase letters | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| a | b | c | d | e | f | G | H | i | j | l | m | n | O | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | x | z | |||
distribution
Each of the communities mentioned has its own dialects. The number of speakers in the communities is estimated at 6,000 to 10,000 speakers; the proportion of people in these places who constantly speak Fala in their families is increasing and in 1994 was about 80 percent. The following survey by José Luis Martín Galindo from 1993 shows how difficult it is to allocate: In San Martín de Trevejo, 13 percent of the population describe Fala as the dialect of Castellano, 20 percent as the Portuguese dialect and 67 percent as their own language. After Galician whose orthography has been for the Fala deliberately not taken, was not asked here.
Emergence
There are many theories about the origins of Fala, but the language is likely to have originated in the 13th century during the Reconquista . The influences of the medieval Asturleon language, noted by many linguists, probably originate from this time . Antonio Viudas Camarasa considers Fala to be a transitional form between the Galician-Portuguese and the old Asturleonese, which has become independent. José Luis Martín Galindo (1993) also suspects Celtic influences, which are particularly evident in toponyms . In addition, linguists assume that there is a close relationship to the language spoken in Sabugal in Portugal as well as to the dialect of La Alamedilla ( province of Salamanca ) and possibly also to dialects of Extremadura .
features
Typical are the change of the vowels -o and -e in -u and -i following a stressed syllable ( castellu instead of castello : castle, calli instead of calle : alley), the final consonant -r in -l, the voiced z in an interdental one d and the disappearance of -n mostly in unstressed syllables at the end of the word.
- Example: u día da nosa fala (Castilian Spanish: día de nuestra habla ): day of our language
literature
- JL Martín Galindo: Apuntes socio-históricos y lingüísticos sobre a Fala do Val de Xálima. In: Alcántara: Revista del Seminario de Estudios Cacereños , No. 30, 1993, pp. 123-148, ISSN 0210-9859 .
Web links
- Report on Fala. Ethnologue (English)