Abiotic environmental factors
As abiotic (Greek. "Inactive"), all environmental factors summarized at which living things can not be seen involved. They include climate , atmosphere , water (especially the pH value ), temperature , light , current , salinity , concentration of nutrient salts and other chemical substances . They therefore represent all non-busy interaction partner in an ecosystem is.
Selection of individual abiotic environmental factors
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Climate : These include the thermal factors radiation conditions , air and soil temperature , the hygric factors air humidity , precipitation and snow cover , as well as various weather phenomena such as fog, wind or lightning.
- Air temperature : All living things have a limited temperature range in which they can exist. If the temperature is too high or too low, the metabolism can be restricted or even come to a standstill ( heat rigor , heat death , cold rigidity , cold death ).
- Relief : The direction and inclination of the slope are particularly important, but also the location in relation to the surroundings. The relief has an influence on the amount and duration of solar radiation, as well as on the weather exposure ( weather side ).
- Soil : The structure, i.e. grain size, humus content and the geological starting material are of particular importance here. But moisture, nutrient content, pH value and chemical composition also play an important role.
- Light : Light can be seen here as a source of energy and a stimulus for living beings. In addition, the impact of light is of great importance for the photosynthesis of plants.
- Water : This is especially the access to the water, the ground water stood, the ground water , but also considers the water content of the air.
- Fire : This is about the adaptation of living things to regularly recurring fires and the effects of fires on ecosystems.
- Chemical factors: The carbon dioxide and oxygen concentration, the toxins and pollutants and the pH value are considered.
- mechanical factors: wind, space constriction, snow load and similar factors are important here.
In crop protection, all plant damage that is based on abiotic effects is referred to as abiotic or non-parasitic causes.
See also
literature
- Hans Knodel, Ulrich Kull: Ecology and environmental protection. JB Metzler, Stuttgart 1978, ISBN 3-476-20068-X , pp. 1-26.
Individual evidence
- ^ "Abiotic Components". Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
