Distraction (chess)
As a distraction is known in chess steering an enemy character which the deflected (rare Bauer) away from a field stone its original function can no longer meet. Steering takes place by means of coercion such as the chess command or threat . The term distraction is also interpreted to mean that opposing characters are distracted from their tasks by sacrificing victims. The distraction of protective pieces is one of the elementary motifs in chess. Other important basic motifs are the weakening of the basic row, the evacuation, the fettering, the deflection , and the double attack. The tactic of distraction is also common in computer games.
The distraction motive is mainly to be found in the middle game. If a party is in the pawn ending a remote passed pawn , so the threat is his at the appropriate moment conversion used to deflect the opponent's king from the main battleground. Your own king can then capture pawns on the other wing, while the deflected king comes too late.
The distraction of figures that prevent a direct mate or a matte combination is particularly effective .
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Diagram 1
Mate in 2 moves
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In Diagram 1 , White has already caught the black king in a mating net . White could almost end the game immediately with 1. Rb7 – f7 if the black rook did not control the mate-square f7 and thus defend its king. The black rook is either to be diverted from the defense of the f7-square or to the f7-square. Zugzwang serves as a means of coercion . With a waiting train, White hands over the obligation to move to Black. 1. Rb7 – a7 The black king is unable to move. Black must now move the rook. |
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Diagram 2
Mate in 2 moves
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The rook endgame in Diagram 2 allows for two typical distraction combinations. The farmer is about to be transformed . The black rook in his back is overloaded with the two covering tasks for the mate field c1 and the conversion field a8 . With The other distraction leads to profit even faster. 1. a7 – a8D + Ta1xa8 |
In the following two diagrams 3 and 4, white gains material gain through deflection.
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Diagram 3
White to move wins from the distraction: 1. Re1 – e8 + Kd8xe8 the only possible move to fend off the chess of the rook . |
Diagram 4
Position after: 1. Re1 – e8 + Kd8xe8 White can now take the black queen. After 2. Qc1xc8 + Ke8 – e7 3. Qc8xa6 White wins. |
The key move in the study of Paul Heuäcker is a typical diversion attempt in bishop ending .
Finally, a particularly nice example of a distraction: Helmut Pfleger presents the following position: Black last moved 1.… Nd5 – e7 With this, Black gave up control of the e7 square that the knight had previously exercised over this square from d5 had been. Instead, z. B. 1.… Qc6 – c1 won more clearly with one rook. After the move, however, White played 2. Qh5 – g6 + Black can take in three ways, but in any case the next move is either 3. Nf5 – h6 mate or 3. Nf5 – e7 mate : If 2.… f7xg6 is the result Pawn distracted so that the rook no longer covers the h6-square. But if 2.… Ne7xg6 happens , the knight is deflected, also with the result that the rook no longer covers the h6-square. And finally if 2.… Re6xg6 , the rook is deflected by the cover of the e7-square.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Chess tactics - training to increase tactical vision. (PDF) (No longer available online.) P. 2 , archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on August 18, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Steffan Klaus: Chess middle game - combination motifs. (PDF) (No longer available online.) 2004, archived from the original on September 24, 2015 ; accessed on August 18, 2015 .
- ↑ The motive of distraction. (PDF) (No longer available online.) Ahnataler Schachclub, archived from the original on September 19, 2016 ; accessed on August 18, 2015 .
- ↑ Basic row matt. (PDF) Schachclub Kreuzberg, accessed on August 18, 2015 (Schemes 4 and 5).
- ↑ Sebastian Dietze: Chess training. (PDF) October 29, 2004, archived from the original on March 4, 2016 ; accessed on July 30, 2016 .
- ↑ Nadia Kraam-Aulenbach: Interactive. problem-solving thinking in networked computer games. (PDF) 2002, accessed on August 18, 2015 (dissertation, in particular p. 202).
- ↑ In Zeit-Magazin No. 34/2017 of August 17, 2017, p. 43.
