Absence doctorate

The absence doctoral ( PhD in absentia - German: in the absence) is a term from the history of the promotion system and refers to a promotion to Doctor is in which the candidate is exempt from submitting a thesis or submit or print an oral exam (disputation) to discard. While this type of absenteeism doctorate, which at times became the norm at some German universities in the 19th century, has essentially been abolished today, the term is still used today to describe a doctorate in which the candidate waives the obligation to attend the doctoral act upon application ( Handing over the doctoral certificate).

Well-known personalities who received their doctorate in absentia include: a. Carl Friedrich Gauß , Friedrich Nietzsche (honoris causa), Karl Marx (“excellent worthy”), Arthur Schopenhauer (magna cum laude), Heinrich Schliemann , Konrad Duden and Friedrich Sertürner .

literature

Ernst Bratuscheck : Summi in philosophia honores . In: Philosophical monthly books . Volume 12, Issue 6 (1876), pp. 248-318.
Max Oberbreyer: The reform of the doctoral degree. Statistical contributions, 3rd edition, Eisenach 1878.
Karl von Amira : Reform of the doctoral degree. In: Akademische Rundschau (1912/13), pp. 564-585.

Web links

Ulrich Rasche: Review of Siegfried Wollgast: On the history of doctoral studies in Germany . In: H-Soz-u-Kult , March 2002, Bergisch Gladbach 2001

Individual evidence

^ Sartorius von Waltershausen : Gauss zum Gedächtniss , 1856, pp. 21-22
^ Friedrich Nietzsche in Leipzig. (PDF; 484 KB) Exhibition in the Rectorate of Leipzig University. In: Flyer for the exhibition. Universitätsarchiv Leipzig, p. 1 , archived from the original on June 11, 2007 ; Retrieved October 19, 2013 .
↑ Karl Marx. Tabular curriculum vitae in the LeMO ( DHM and HdG )
↑ Axel Burchardt: Schopenhauer's footsteps in Thuringia. Lecture and exhibition on November 13th on the 200th anniversary of Schopenhauer's doctorate. (No longer available online.) In: Universitätsarchiv. Friedrich Schiller University Jena, November 8, 2013, archived from the original on January 8, 2014 ; accessed on January 13, 2014 .

[1] Sartorius von Waltershausen : Gauss zum Gedächtniss , 1856, pp. 21-22

[2] Friedrich Nietzsche in Leipzig. (PDF; 484 KB) Exhibition in the Rectorate of Leipzig University. In: Flyer for the exhibition. Universitätsarchiv Leipzig, p. 1 , archived from the original on June 11, 2007 ; Retrieved October 19, 2013 .

[3] Karl Marx. Tabular curriculum vitae in the LeMO ( DHM and HdG )

[4] Axel Burchardt: Schopenhauer's footsteps in Thuringia. Lecture and exhibition on November 13th on the 200th anniversary of Schopenhauer's doctorate. (No longer available online.) In: Universitätsarchiv. Friedrich Schiller University Jena, November 8, 2013, archived from the original on January 8, 2014 ; accessed on January 13, 2014 .