Acemhöyük

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A box found in Acemhöyük, made from a single piece of ivory, decorated with lapis lazuli, bronze and iron.
Central Anatolia during the kārum period

Acemhöyük is an archaeological site in Turkey . The settlement mound is located in the village of Yeşilova in the central district of the Aksaray province . The Bronze Age name was possibly Purušḫanda / Purušḫattum or Ullama . The place was also an Assyrian trading colony known as a Karum .

location

The Acemhöyük is located 18 km northwest of Aksaray, at the southeast end of the Tuz Gölü , in a fertile plain on Uluirmak or Melendiz. As in Kültepe, the ruins are divided into two parts: the city hill has an east-west extension of 700 meters and a north-south extension of 600 meters, plus a lower town, which is partially overbuilt by the modern settlement. According to Nimet Özgüc, the extent of the lower town is equal to that of the town hill. The highest point, the citadel, is called Sarikaya (yellow rock) because of the shimmering yellow clay bricks. This is 20 meters above the level of the area. The town hill is built on in the south of the modern village and in the center there is / was (?) A modern cemetery.

Periods

The top and last layer of settlement is from Roman / Hellenistic times and consists of apartment building foundations. Below that, the actual counting of the layers begins from top to bottom from I to V, where I is severely disturbed, which is due to the proximity to the surface. Nevertheless, some stoves and remains of buildings have been found. According to Nimet Özgüc, the Layer II houses seem to have been built hastily from wood and mud bricks on the ruins of Layer III. This leads us to Layer III, which has severe damage from fire. Layer III seems to have been the heyday of Purušḫanda (?). Layer IV and V are hardly researched or hardly published, but are set in the early Karum and Bronze Age III.

Research history

The excavations on Acemhöyük began in 1962 under the General Directorate of Antiquities and Museums in collaboration with Ankara University . From 1962 to 1988 Nimet Özgüç was in charge. Aliye Öztan has been leading the project since 1989. Some of the finds are exhibited in the Aksaray Museum.

history

No history of events can be written for the Acemhöyük. Layers IV and V indicate a pre-Karum era settlement. Layer III is from the Karum period and represents the heyday of the settlement. This settlement was destroyed by fire. There is no interpretation of this layer of fire. The settlement of the hill ended with the Karum period and was only resumed in the Roman / Hellenistic period.

architecture

The Sarikaya Palace

The west side of the palace is severely disturbed by later settlement and re-use by modern settlers. The 1.5-2 m wide walls are partially up to 3.80 m high. The palace must have had around 50 rooms. The exact number can no longer be determined due to the malfunction. The north, east and west sides were surrounded by a portico consisting of a marble base and wooden posts. The ground floor of the building was used for storage purposes. Clay bulls were found in every room. Here too (as in Kaniš) it is assumed that the representative rooms were on the upper floor.

Finds

The unrolling of the seals of Šamši-Adad , Dugedu (a daughter of Jaḫdun-Lim from Mari ) and King Aplakahnda from Karkemiš were found on the clay bulls in the Sarikaya Palace .

Inscriptions

Inscription on the seal roll of Šamši-Adad:

dUTUsi dIskur
Sakin dEnlil
Šamši-Adad Appointee of the god Enlil / Šamši-Adad Appointee of Enlil

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Özgüç, Nimet: "Excavations at Acemhöyük", Anadolu (Anatolia) 10 (1966)
  2. ↑ Acemhöyük. University of New England, accessed January 2, 2014 .

literature

  • Özgüç, Nimet: “Excavations at Acemhöyük”, Anadolu (Anatolia) 10 (1966).
  • Aliye Öztan:
  • 1979 Acemhöyük Sarıkaya Sarayında Bulunan İki Taş Tabak / Two Stone Plates from the Sarıkaya Palace at Açemhöyük Belleten XLIII / p. 170, 381-384, 385-388
  • 1986 Acemhöyük Taş Kapları Belleten LII / 203 (1988) 393-406
  • 1990 1989 Yılı Acemhöyük Kazıları XII. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, Cilt I, Ankara, pp. 247–258
  • 1992 1991 Yılı Acemhöyük Kazıları XIV. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, Cilt I, Ankara, pp. 281-300
  • 1993b 1992 Yılı Acemhöyük Kazıları XV. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, Cilt I, Ankara, pp. 245–255
  • 1993c L. Özen - S.Tazegül, Acemhöyük'den Bir Grup Gümüş Eser , 1992 Yılı Anadolu Medeniyetleri Müzesi Konferansları , Ankara, pp. 146–149
  • 1994 1993 Acemhöyük Kazıları XVI. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı, Cilt I, Ankara, pp. 189–192
  • 1996 1994 Acemhöyük Kazıları XVII. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı- I, pp. 209–213
  • 1997b Acemhöyük Gümüş Hazinesi Belleten LXI / 231, pp. 233-271
  • 1997c Acemhöyük Eczacıbaşı Sanat Ansiklopedisi, İstanbul, pp. 14–15
  • 1998 "Preliminary Report on the Arıbaş Cemetery at Acemhöyük" Essays on Ancient Anatolia in the Second Millennium BC Bulletin of the Middle Eastern Culture Center in Japan Vol. X, pp. 167-175
  • 1999 MGDrahor- M. Bayrak- OMİlkışık ile birligte, Acemhöyük'ten Manyetik ve Elektromanyetik -VLF Sonuçlari / Magnetic and Electromagnetic -VLF Results from Acemhöyük . DEÜ Mühendislik Fakanschesi, Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi. Cilt: 1 Sayi 2, pp. 81-99
  • 2001 “1998-1999 Acemhöyük Kazıları” 22. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı I (Ankara), pp. 119–128
  • 2002 “2000 Yılı Acemhöyük Kazıları” 23. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı 2. Cilt. Ankara, pp. 327-334
  • “Acemhöyük Kazıları 2001” 24. Kazı Sonuçları Toplantısı (Kültür Bakanlığı, baskıda)

Web links

Commons : Acemhöyük  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 38 ° 24 ′ 42 ″  N , 33 ° 50 ′ 8 ″  E