Adam Sznaidmil

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Adam Sznaidmil (or Schnaidmil, Shnaidmil) (* 1903 in Łódź ; † May 3, 1943 in Warsaw ) was a well-known member of the General Jewish Workers' Union ( Bund ). He fell in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising .

Life

In interwar Poland

Sznaidmil was born in 1903 as the son of an Orthodox Jew in Łódź. Nevertheless he became a Bundist, d. H. Member of the General Jewish Workers' Union, a Jewish socialist party that operated primarily in Poland and Russia. He went to Warsaw to study. After he resigned from the army, he became the leader of the youth militia of the Federation "Tsukunft-Shturm". The good tactician and strategist achieved fame among many Jewish youth. As leader, Adam, also called Berek, had to protect demonstrations by the federal government and its youth organizations “ Sozialistischer Kinder Farband ” (SKIF) and “ Tsukunft ”. They also fought against Polish fascists and anti-Semites .

In resistance

When the Germans threatened Warsaw in September 1939, like many of his comrades, he fled to Vilnius . But he returned a short time later. He immediately took part in the establishment of the illegal alliance, Sznaidmil became a member of the central committee of the federal government, and he was again supreme commander of the federal militia. He also commanded the militia when they fought against Polish anti-Semites recruited by the Germans on the Passover festival in 1940. This was one of the first armed resistance actions against the German occupiers.

In the ghetto he remained active in the Bund and, together with Bernard Goldstein, became the commandant of the Bundist fighting organization that was founded in early 1942. He trained their 400 to 500 members in tactics and strategy , there were almost no weapons. But after the large deportations in the summer of 1942, only a handful were spared. Sznaidmil became one of the leaders of the Jewish fighting organization ZOB . He prepared the membership lists for the federal groups, was a member of the coordination committee that steered the actions of the federal government with the other groups and led a group on the Schultz factory site. He was killed in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising on May 3, 1943 in a battle on Franciskanska Street.

literature

  • Daniel Blatman: For our freedom and yours. The Jewish Labor Bound in Poland . Vallentine Mitchell, London 2003, ISBN 0-85303-458-3
  • Marek Edelmann: The ghetto is fighting. Warsaw 1941–1943 . Harald-Kater-Verlag, Berlin 1993, ISBN 3-927170-05-4
  • Marek Edelmann: The keeper . Beck, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-406-48656-8
  • Bernard Goldstein: The stars are witnesses . Ahriman-Verlag, Freiburg 1992, ISBN 3-922774-69-5
  • J. Sh. Herts: Di geshikhte vun a jugent . Ferlag Unser Tsait, New York 1946

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Sznaidmil, Adam
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Polish Nazi victim
DATE OF BIRTH 1903
PLACE OF BIRTH Łódź
DATE OF DEATH May 3, 1943
Place of death Warsaw