Eagle desk
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In the Middle Ages, the eagle lectern was a preferred variant of the lectern in the sanctuary of Christian churches. As the bearer of the gospel book , the lectionary or the antiphonal, it was given an elaborate design in line with its high liturgical rank.
The outspread wings of the eagle were formally and functionally suitable as a base for the opened folios . As examples in Italy show, the eagle was still part of the stone parapet on early pulpits and rood screens . Occasionally he appeared in a series of evangelist symbols ; as an attribute of the Evangelist John , however, it later became independent.
In the 14th and 15th centuries, the eagle desk was widely used as a free-standing piece of furniture. Numerous outstanding examples were cast from brass in the Maasland production centers and can still be found in the Rhineland and the Netherlands. Related to the eagle's desk are some reading desks designed as pelican or griffin .
Examples
- Hildesheim Cathedral : bronze lectern, around 1240
- Aachen Cathedral : desk made of brass, around 1450
- Bern Minster : desk made of brass, around 1446
- Maxkirche (Düsseldorf) : desk made of bronze [?], 1449, see main article Adlerpult (Maxkirche)
- St. Lambertus (Erkelenz) : desk made of brass, around 1450
- Marienkirche (Dortmund) : brass desk on a stone base, 15th century
- St. Reinoldi (Dortmund) : brass desk, around 1450
- St. Martin in Hal (Belgium): brass desk, 1450
- St. Walburga in Veurne (Belgium)
Some eagle consoles are now in museums.
Eagle desk in the sketchbook of Villard de Honnecourt , Paris, Bibl. Nat., Around 1230
Eagle desk with bat in the choir hall of Aachen Cathedral , around 1450
Eagle from the desk in St. Reinoldi, Dortmund, around 1450
literature
- Heinrich G. Lempertz: eagle desk. In: Otto Schmitt (Ed.): Reallexikon zur Deutschen Kunstgeschichte. Volume 1: A - Construction. Metzler, Stuttgart 1934, Sp. 187–194 (Real Lexicon on German Art History) .
