Gospels
A Gospel Book ( Gospel Book ) or Tetraevangelion (Τετραευαγγγέλιον) are the common names for a codex with the full text of the Gospels of the New Testament . It contains the complete text of the four Gospels ( Tetraevangeliar ) in the original text string. The oldest manuscripts are from late antiquity.
Some codices also contain other texts that were often added later. These could contain interlinear glosses (e.g. translation of the text into the local language), notes on events at the place where the manuscript was created, or notes on the use of worship services. Sometimes the sections to be read in the service were made particularly recognizable by the chapter division and rubricing . In individual copies there are also tables of concordance (canon tables) of Eusebius , the prefaces of Jerome to the Vulgate ( praefationes ), short vitae of the four evangelists (as prologus orargumentum ), the contents of the individual Gospels ( capitulationes ) as well as the list of the Gospel pericopes intended for reading in worship services ( capitulare evangeliorum ).
Gospels are often very artistically designed and illustrated. These often represent the evangelists and individual scenes from the text at the beginning of the respective gospel. These images are among the earliest and highest quality preserved evidence of late antique and early medieval illumination . Examples are the Codex Aureus from Echternach; the Hitda Codex and the Lorsch Gospels . Individual dedication and donation copies for kings and princes are among the most precious books that have ever been produced (e.g. the Gospel of Henry the Lion ).
Gospel Lessons
The gospel lessonaries, widely known as evangelistaries , emerged from the pericopes , who only reproduce the sections of the Gospels required for the service and arrange them according to the days and feasts of the church year . These are also sometimes referred to as Gospels .
In today's Roman Catholic liturgy, the Gospel or Gospel is the official Latin or German name of the liturgical pericopes with the scriptures from the four Gospels of the New Testament.
Evangelists
- Abba Gärima (around 4th - 7th century, on Ge'ez , near Adua , Ethiopia)
- Ada Gospels (around 790/810, probably Aachen)
- Augustine Gospels (6th century, Italy)
- Gospels from Bamberg Cathedral (around 1000/1020, Reichenau)
- Precious Bernward Gospel (around 1015, Hildesheim)
- Durham Gospels (A.II.10) (around 650, Lindisfarne or Ireland)
- Durham Gospels (A.II.17) (late 7th century, Ireland or Lindisfarne, England)
- Ebo Gospels (around 825, Reims or Hauteviller, France)
- Gospels of Echternach (around 1030/1050, Echternach)
- Codex aureus of St. Emmeram (around 870, Reims)
- Etchmiadzin Gospels (989, Bgheno-Noravank, Armenia)
- Fulda Gospels (around 850, Fulda)
- Heinrich the Lion Gospel Book (around 1173/1188, Helmarshausen)
- Goslar Gospels (around 1240, Goslar)
- Book of Kells (around 800, Iona, Scotland)
- Gospels from Kleve (around 840/852, Aachen)
- Coronation Gospel Book (around 795, Aachen)
- Lindisfarne Gospels (around 715, Lindisfarne, England)
- Liuthar Gospels (Gospels of Otto III) (around 1000, Reichenau)
- Gospel Book (London)
- Lorsch Gospels (around 810, probably Aachen)
- Lothar Gospels (Gospels of Lothar I) (around 849/851, Tours, France)
- Codex Millenarius (maior) (around 800, Mondsee, Austria)
- Mughni Gospels
- Gospel Book of Otto III. (around 1000, Reichenau)
- Peressopnytsia Gospels (1556/1561, Peressopnytsia, Ukraine)
- Rabbula Gospels (586, Zagba, Syria)
- Richeza Gospels
- Codex purpureus Rossanensis (6th century, Syria)
- Gospels of Saint-Riquier (around 795, Aachen)
- Codex Sangallensis 48 (9th century, Greek)
- Strahov Gospels
- Gospels of the Sainte Chapelle (10th / 11th century)
- Gospels from Soissons (before 827, probably Aachen)
- Gospels from Saint-Martin-des-Champs
- Treasury Gospels
- Speyer Gospels
- Theophanu Gospels
- Wani Gospels
- Codex Washingtonianus (around 400, Greek)
Web links
- Publications about Evangeliars in the Opac der Regesta Imperii
- Gospels in Hungarian: Quatuor evangelia linguâ Hungaricâ - BSB Cod.hung. 1 (15th century)
- Quattuor Evangelia cum imaginibus pictis SS. Evangelistarum (Gospels from Michaelbeuern) - BSB Clm 8272
- Gospels - BSB Clm 9475
- Carolingian Gospels - BSB Clm 17011, Freising, around 860
- Carolingian Gospel Book BSB Clm 28561 Mainz (?), 1st quarter of the 9th century
- Ellinger Gospel Book BSB Clm 18005, Tegernsee, around 1035 - 1040
Individual evidence
- ↑ The Bishops' Conferences of the German-Speaking Area (ed.). Gospels. The Gospels of Sundays and feast days in the read age A, B and C. A output . 2nd Edition. Herder publishing house. Freiburg 1985. ISBN 3-451-20460-6 ; https://w2.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/speeches/2000/oct-dec/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_20001215_evangeliario.html
- ^ Judith S. McKenzie, Francis Watson: The Garima Gospels: Early Illuminated Gospel Books from Ethiopia . Manar al-Athar, Oxford 2016