Adduamentum
The Adohamento (as variants are ADOA , adoha , adoamentum , adohamentum , aduamentum , adduamentum occupied) is a feudal levy under Frederick II of Sicily for the first time occupied.
The etymology of the term is unclear. The payments were collected from the legal advisors, not the chamber staff. The collection , which is often mentioned in the sources in connection with the adoamentum, was raised as a payment from one's own property . Whether the adoamentum has developed from the augmentum recorded in the Catalogus baronum into a service obligation of a fief can not be clarified with any certainty based on the sources. A connection with the adiutorium , a delivery of vassals to the feudal lord limited to certain cases , is possible, but not unambiguous. This is supported by a treatise by Roffred von Benevent , who uses the term adiuvamentum (aid). According to this, the vassals would have paid directly to the agents of the royal curia in the event of army succession and the guest , otherwise the contribution went to the liege lord. Roffred only mentions the marriage of the daughter, the accolade of the son, the acquisition of land to expand the territory and the ransom from captivity, while he describes the rules for ecclesiastical liege lords, which are also standardized in Book III, Article 20 of the Melfi constitutions , not treated. Further legal remarks can be found in Andreas von Isernia , Bartholomäus von Capua and Andreas Capuanus .
In forged documents from the Benedictine Abbey of La Cava near Salerno , an exemption from this tax is allegedly already issued by Duke Roger Borsa and the Kings Wilhelm I and Wilhelm II of Sicily. These forgeries originated in the Hohenstaufen era. The oldest reliable evidence dates from 1226.
The smallest lendable unit was the feudum unius militis . The owner of such a fief was obliged to provide 1 knight and 2 servants with horses and armament in the event of war . Richard of San Germano reports in 1227 that eight gold ounces were required from a one-knight fiefdom to help finance the crusade and that eight such fiefdoms had to provide a fighter for the crusade. From the Excerpta Massiliensia it emerges from the year 1231 that vassals who were unfit for service were exempted from army succession and only had to pay the aduamentum. Under the Anjou, the adoamentum was set at 12½ gold ounces as a tax on admission to the knighthood, the income value of the one-knight feud was estimated at 20 gold ounces.
By Alfonso V Adohamentum and collection were 1,443 on the Parlamento di San Lorenzo (named after the meeting place, a monastery in Naples ) abolished by the focatico , a levy which was based on the number of fires, and the forced purchase of the king's salt monopoly replaced. Renewed changes by Ferrante were not permanent, but the term is still documented in chamber files from the 17th century.
Individual evidence
- ^ Jamison, The Administration of the County of Molise in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. Part II , pp. 28 - 30, No. 5
literature
- Evelyn Jamison , The Administration of the County of Molise in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries. Part II , in: The English Historical Review, Vol. 45, No. 177, (Jan., 1930), pp. 1-34.
- Mario Caravale, Ordinamenti giuridici dell'Europa medievale . Bologna 1994, pp. 110, 580 ISBN 88-15-04559-7
- Antonino Marrone, Sulla datazione della "Descriptio feudorum sub rege Friderico" (1335) e dell 'Adohamentum sub rege Ludovico "(1345) , in: Mediterranea. Ricerche storiche I - Giugno 2004, pp. 123–168 Download PDF, 1.1 MB
- Middle Latin Dictionary , Volume I, Munich 1967, sv adduamentum .