Ahmed Arifi Pasha

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Ahmed Arifi Pasha (around 1872)

Ahmed Arifi Pascha , also Aarifi Pascha , (* 1830 in Constantinople , † 1895 or 1896 ) was an Ottoman statesman and politician. He was Minister several times and in 1879 Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire . Arifi Pascha was one of the supporters of the reform attempts by Midhat Pascha , who wanted to give the empire a constitution.

Life

Ahmed Arifi Pasha was born in 1830 as the son of the diplomat and Ottoman Foreign Minister Mehmed Şekib Pasha . After taking private lessons in Eastern and Western languages ​​and sciences, at the age of 15 he entered the service of the Divan of the Sublime Porte as a "scientific assistant" and accompanied his father to an embassy to Rome in 1847 and then lived for two years in Vienna, where his father Was ambassador. After his return to Constantinople , he was employed in various departments of the German Foreign Office.

In 1856 he accompanied the chairman of the Tanzimatrate Álî Pascha as first secretary to end the Crimean War in Vienna and a year later in Paris. His knowledge of French, which he had acquired in the meantime, was decisive for the appointment as “first translator” for the Sublime Porte in Paris. Afterwards he was “First Interpreter” at the Diwan until 1872. In the following years he held several important positions in the Ottoman Empire and was successively Undersecretary of State for Foreign Affairs and State Secretary for the General Directorate of the Gun Foundry, President of the Executive Chamber of Justice and President of the Civil Chamber of the Court of Cassation. Then he became ambassador to Vienna. According to Ottoman sources, Sultan Abdülaziz valued Arifi for his language skills and his education and made him again on May 4, 1873 as interpreter of his divan and a few months later also as director of the press. In 1874 Arifi Pasha became State Secretary in the Foreign Ministry for the second time, and a few months later became Foreign Minister in the Wezir rank. The following year he lost his post and was temporarily made Minister of Justice. After the outbreak of the Balkan crisis , he again acted as ambassador to Vienna in 1875. After he had publicly criticized the removal of Sultan Abdülaziz in a Viennese newspaper, he was recalled.

After Sultan Abdülhamid II took office on August 31, 1876 and the first Ottoman constitution was introduced at the end of the same year, Arifi Pasha first became deputy president of the Senate (upper house of the Ottoman parliament ) and shortly afterwards took over the office of foreign affairs. On November 5, 1877, he was again ambassador to Paris and remained in this position until 1879.

On July 28, 1879, the Sultan issued a decree abolishing the office of Grand Vizier and appointing a Prime Minister. Arifi Pascha took over the new office, but was dismissed in September 1879. The following month Küçük Mehmed Said Pascha became the new prime minister . Ahmed Arifi Paschaa was to become ambassador to Vienna again in 1882, but did not take office. Instead he was twice chairman of the Council of State in Constantinople (1882, 1885 to 1891), once foreign minister (1882-1884) and finally chairman of the Council of Ministers ( Meclis-i Hass-i Vükela , 1894/95).

literature

  • Thompson Cooper: Aarifi Pasha . In: Men of the Time . George Routledge & Sons. London 1884 ( online )
  • M. Th. Houtsma, AJ Wensinck, TW Arnold: EJ Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913-1936 . Brill Academic Publishers, Vol. I, 1993, ISBN 90-04-09796-1 , p. 432
  • Christoph Herzog: Ahmed Arifi Paşa . In: Kate Fleet, Gudrun Krämer, Denis Matringe, John Nawas, Everett Rowson (Eds.): Encyclopaedia of Islam .Brill, 2008

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Kornrumpf: Four Ottoman ambassadors for Vienna 1882/1883: Edhem Pascha, Server Pascha, Ârifî Pascha, Sadullah Pascha . In: Viennese magazine for the customer of the Orient . Volume 84 (1994), pp. 117-132, here p. 126
  2. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Kornrumpf (1994), p. 127
  3. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Kornrumpf (1994), p. 127
  4. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Kornrumpf (1994), p. 128
  5. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Kornrumpf (1994), p. 129
  6. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Kornrumpf (1994), p. 130
  7. ↑ Hans-Jürgen Kornrumpf (1994), p. 131
personal data
SURNAME Ahmed Arifi Pasha
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ahmed Arifi Paşa; Aarifi Pasha
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Ottoman statesman and politician
DATE OF BIRTH 1830
PLACE OF BIRTH Constantinople
DATE OF DEATH 1895 or 1896