Ala I Flavia Gemelliana
The Ala I Flavia Gemelliana [civium Romanorum] ( German 1st Flavian Ala des Gemellus [of the Roman citizens] ) was a Roman auxiliary unit . It is evidenced by military diplomas and inscriptions. In the diploma ( RMD 1, 25 ) she is referred to as Ala I Gemelliana .
Name components
- Ala : The Ala was a cavalry unit of the auxiliary troops in the Roman army .
- I : The Roman number stands for the ordinal number, the first ( Latin prima ). Hence the name of this military unit is pronounced as Ala prima ...
- Flavia : the Flavian. The honorary designation refers to the Flavian emperors Vespasian , Titus or Domitian .
- Gemelliana : of the Gemellus. The name Gemelliana suggests that there is a connection with the Ala Gemelliana , from which the name was probably derived. The Ala Gemelliana was set up under Claudius (41–54) or even earlier, the Ala I Flavia Gemelliana, however, only under one of the Flavian emperors. One of the first commanders of the Ala Gemelliana was likely an otherwise unknown Gemellus , after whom the Ala was named.
- civium Romanorum : the Roman citizen. The soldiers of the unit had been granted Roman citizenship at one point in time. However, this did not apply to soldiers who were accepted into the unit after this point in time. They received Roman citizenship only with their honorable farewell ( Honesta missio ) after 25 years of service. The addition appears in the military diploma from 159/160 and the inscription ( CIL 03, 5906 ).
Since there is no reference to the addition of milliaria (1000 men) to the name , the unit was an Ala quingenaria . The nominal strength of the Ala was 480 men, consisting of 16 towers with 30 riders each.
history
The Ala was stationed in the Raetia province . It is listed on military diplomas for the years 119/135 to 167/168 AD.
The unit was probably set up by one of the Flavian emperors. Its beginnings and the early history of the unit up to its stationing in Raetia are unknown. The first evidence of unity in the Raetia province is based on a diploma dated 119/135. The diploma lists the Ala as part of the troops (see Roman forces in Raetia ) that were stationed in the province. Further diplomas, dated 138/140 to 167/168, prove unity in the same province.
The Ala was stationed in Raetia until the middle of the 3rd century . It probably went under due to Germanic invasions; but possibly it was also around 241/242 in connection with the Persian campaign of Gordian III. Relocated to the east of the Roman Empire.
Locations
Locations of the Ala in Raetia were:
- Germanicum ( Kösching ): The tombstone of Iulius Genialis Senilis and the inscriptions ( CIL 03, 5906 , CIL 3, 11936 ) were found here.
Members of the Ala
The following members of the Ala are known:
See also
Web links
Remarks
- ↑ a b John Spaul assigns Caius Petronius and Tiberius Claudius Andecamulus to the Ala I Flavia Gemelliana , while Farkas István Gergő assigns them to the Ala Gemelliana .
- ↑ The reading of the inscription ( CIL 3, 5938 ) is controversial. John Spaul and Eric Birley assign Marcus Virius Marcellus to the Ala I Flavia Gemelliana .
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c John EH Spaul: Ala². The Auxiliary Cavalry Units of the Pre-Diocletianic Imperial Roman Army. Nectoreca Press, Andover 1994, ISBN 0-9525062-0-3 , pp. 133-134.
- ^ Jörg Scheuerbrandt : Exercitus. Tasks, organization and command structure of Roman armies during the imperial era. Dissertation, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg im Breisgau 2003/2004, p. 160 table 4 ( PDF p. 162 ).
- ↑ a b c d Farkas István Gergő: The Roman Army in Raetia Dissertation, University of Pécs Faculty of Humanities 2015, pp. 127–128, 244–259, 347–349, 442–460 ( PDF pp. 130–131, 247 -262, 350-352, 445-463 ).
- ↑ Military diplomas of the years 119/135 ( RMD 1, 25 ), 138/140 ( RMD 2, 94 ), 140/144 ( RMD 1, 58 ), 140/147 ( RMD 3, 166 ), 151/170 ( RMD 1 , 51 ), 154/161 ( CIL 16, 117 , RMD 3, 175 ), 157 ( RMD 3, 170 , RMD 4, 275 , RMM 38 ), 157/161 ( RMD 5, 434 ), 159/160 ( AE 2005, 1153 ), 162 ( CIL 16, 118 ), 166 ( CIL 16, 121 ) and 167/168 ( RMD 1, 68 ).
- ↑ Eric Birley : An inscription from Untersaal. ( Online ).