Allactaginae
| Allactaginae | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Large horse jumper ( Allactaga major ), specimen in the St. Petersburg Zoological Museum (referred to with the synonym Allactaga jaculus ). |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Allactaginae | ||||||||||||
| Vinogradov , 1925 |
The Allactaginae are a taxon of the jerboa , which is classified in the rank of a subfamily . The taxon consists of three genera with a total of 15 species, all of which - with one exception - are common in Asia.
features
The Allactaginae include the largest species of jerboa, including the common hare ( Pygeretmus pumilio ) and the horse jumpers ( Allactaga ). The rear legs are greatly elongated and therefore three to four times as long as the front legs. In contrast to the three- toed species of the Dipodinae , they have four or five toes on their hind legs. The middle three metatarsals are fused together to form a cannon bone, whereas the two outer ones are only rudimentary and neither reach the base nor the end of the middle ones, against which they lie. The species have long ears that protrude over the nose of the animals when placed forward. The tail is long and thin, the tail length is significantly greater than the head-trunk length , and the tip consists of a white-black tuft of long hair, almost all of which grow horizontally and further lengthen the tail.
| 1 | · | 0 | · | 1 | · | 3 | = 18 |
| 1 | · | 0 | · | 0 | · | 3 |
The types of allactaginae have too a maxillary per half incisor tooth formed incisor (incisor) to which a tooth gap ( diastema follows). This is followed by a premolar and three molars . In contrast, the animals do not have a premolar in the lower jaw. In total, the animals have a set of 18 teeth. The premolar of the upper jaw is small, it is absent in other subfamilies of the jerboa. The tympanic membrane is not much flattened compared to other groups.
Distribution and way of life
Species of the Allactaginae are widespread in the arid regions of Asia, the four-toed jerboa ( Allactaga tetradactyla ) is the only species in North Africa in Egypt and Libya . They are adapted to life in steppes and deserts, where they can move very quickly in their typical jumping manner.
Systematics
The Allactaginae are classified as a subfamily within the jerboa (Dipodidae). The first scientific description comes from Boris Stepanowitsch Vinogradow from 1925.
The subfamily consists of 15 species, which are divided into three genera:
- Horse jumper ( Allactaga ), 11 species
- Bobrinski's jerboa ( Allactodipus ), monotypical
- Fat-tailed jerboa ( Pygeretmus ), 3 species
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c Andrew T. Smith: Subfamily Allactaginae. In: Andrew T. Smith , Yan Xie: A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 2008, ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2 , pp. 198-199.
- ↑ a b c Don E. Wilson , DeeAnn M. Reeder (Ed.): Allactaginae ( Memento from July 5, 2015 in the Internet Archive ). In: Mammal Species of the World. A taxonomic and geographic Reference. 2 volumes. 3. Edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 .
literature
- Andrew T. Smith: Subfamily Allactaginae. In: Andrew T. Smith , Yan Xie: A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 2008, ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2 , pp. 198-199.