Euarchontoglires

Euarchontoglires
	Representative of the three main lines of the Euarchontoglires. From left to right: prairie dog ( Cynomys ludovicianus : Glires ), common shrewd squirrel ( Tupaia glis : Scandentia ), western lowland gorilla ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla : Primatomorpha ).
Systematics
without rank:	Amniotes (Amniota)
without rank:	Synapsids (Synapsida)
Class :	Mammals (mammalia)
without rank:	Theria
Subclass :	Higher mammals (Eutheria)
Superordinate :	Euarchontoglires
Scientific name
	Euarchontoglires
	Murphy , Eizirik et al., 2001
Orders
	Giant Glider (Dermoptera); Pointed Squirrel (Scandentia); Primates (Primates); Rodents (Rodentia); Hare-like (Lagomorpha);

The Euarchontoglires (a synonymous name is Supra Primates ) are a result of molecular genetic tests specified superordination within the subclass of higher mammals . The name, for which there is as yet no German equivalent , is a new creation from Glires (rodents), a group that includes the two orders of rodents (Rodentia) and hare-like (Lagomorpha), and Euarchonta , a group of shrews ( Scandentia), primates (Primates) and giant gliders (Dermoptera). It was coined in 2001 by William J. Murphy , Eduardo Eizirik and research colleagues; the synonym Supraprimates comes from the same year by Peter J. Waddell and colleagues.

Tribal history

In the late Cretaceous period , the Euarchontoglires in Eurasia , to which they were initially restricted, separated from their sister group , the Laurasiatheria (the common clade is called Boreoeutheria ). Soon afterwards the division into the groups of Euarchonta and Glires took place.

The time-calibrated cladogram shows the chronology of the splitting events of the evolutionary lines of the Euarchontoglires (the gray bars indicate the statistical uncertainty for the time of each splitting event), as determined with the help of the molecular genetic data of the following taxa :
Rodents: Tamias (chipmunk) - Castor (beaver) - Pedetes (Spring hares)
lagomorphs: Sylvilagus (cottontail rabbit) - Ochotona (pikas)
giant glider: Galeopterus - cynocephalus
primates: Lemur (Katta) - Microcebus (mouse lemurs) - Otolemur (Riesengalagos) - Ateles (spider) - Macaca (macaque) - Homo (human )
Pointed squirrel: Tupaia (actual pointed squirrel) - Urogale (Philippine pointed squirrel) - Ptilocercus (feather-tailed pointed squirrel)

literature

W. Westheide and R. Rieger: Special Zoology. Part 2: vertebrates or skulls. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Munich 2004. ISBN 3-8274-0307-3 .
Jan Ole Kriegs, Gennady Churakov, Martin Kiefmann, Ursula Jordan, Juergen Brosius, Juergen Schmitz: Retroposed Elements as Archives for the Evolutionary History of Placental Mammals. PLoS Biology 4 (4), 2006, pp. 537-544; ( Full text pdf ).
William J. Murphy, Eduardo Eizirik, Stephen J. O'Brien, Ole Madsen, Mark Scally, Christophe J. Douady, Emma Teeling, Oliver A. Ryder, Michael J. Stanhope, Wilfried W. de Jong and Mark S. Springer: Resolution of the Early Placental Mammal Radiation Using Bayesian Phylogenetics. Science 294, 2001, pp. 2348-2351.

Individual evidence

↑ William J. Murphy, Eduardo Eizirik, Stephen J. O'Brien, Ole Madsen, Mark Scally, Christophe J. Douady, Emma Teeling, Oliver A. Ryder, Michael J. Stanhope, Wilfried W. de Jong and Mark S. Springer : Resolution of the Early Placental Mammal Radiation Using Bayesian Phylogenetics. Science 294, 2001, pp. 2348-2351.
↑ Peter J. Waddell, Hirohisa Kishino and Rissa Ota: A Phylogenetic Foundation for Comparative Mammalian Genomics. Genome Informatics 12, 2001, pp. 141-154.
↑ ^a ^b Jan E. Janečka, Webb Miller, Thomas H. Pringle, Frank Wiens, Annette Zitzmann, Kristofer M. Helgen, Mark S. Springer and William J. Murphy: Molecular and Genomic Data Identify the Closest Living Relative of Primates. Science , Volume 318, 2007, pp. 792-794, doi: 10.1126 / science.1147555 .

[1] William J. Murphy, Eduardo Eizirik, Stephen J. O'Brien, Ole Madsen, Mark Scally, Christophe J. Douady, Emma Teeling, Oliver A. Ryder, Michael J. Stanhope, Wilfried W. de Jong and Mark S. Springer : Resolution of the Early Placental Mammal Radiation Using Bayesian Phylogenetics. Science 294, 2001, pp. 2348-2351.

[2] Peter J. Waddell, Hirohisa Kishino and Rissa Ota: A Phylogenetic Foundation for Comparative Mammalian Genomics. Genome Informatics 12, 2001, pp. 141-154.

[janecka_et_al-3] Jan E. Janečka, Webb Miller, Thomas H. Pringle, Frank Wiens, Annette Zitzmann, Kristofer M. Helgen, Mark S. Springer and William J. Murphy: Molecular and Genomic Data Identify the Closest Living Relative of Primates. Science , Volume 318, 2007, pp. 792-794, doi: 10.1126 / science.1147555 .