Alliesthesia
The alliesthesia ( ancient Greek αλλιώς Allios changed and ancient Greek αἴσθησις AISTHESIS sensation, perception;. Syn alliesthesia , English alliesthesia , French alliesthesia ) describes the dependence of the sensation of pleasure ( French Plaisir ) or pain / dislike ( French déplaisîr ) the consumption of a stimulus from the " internal milieu “( French milieu internal ) of the organism. Accordingly, a stimulus that can improve the state of the internal environment is perceived as pleasant. A stimulus that affects the internal environment of the organism, on the other hand, is perceived as unpleasant or even painful. The sensation triggered is therefore not solely dependent on the quality or intensity of the stimulus, but rather on internal receptors , and in any case subjective .
The alliesthesia is a physiological phenomenon and should not be confused with the pathological symptom of allochiria .
A phenomenon related to alliesthesia is " sensory-specific satiety " (roughly translated as " sensory -specific satiety").
Types of alliesthesia
- thermal alliesthesia: alliesthesia the temperature sensation (cold, heat) - it contributes significantly to homeostatic thermoregulation at
- olfactory or olfactory alliesthesia: alliesthesia of smell
- gustatory or taste alliesthesia: alliesthesia of the basic tastes (sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami and "calcium")
- olfactory-gustatory or nutritional alliesthesia: alliesthesia of complex tastes
- visual / optical alliesthesia: alliesthesia of sight
- auditory alliesthesia: alliesthesia of hearing
each of these types can appear in the following two tendencies:
- negative alliesthesia: change in the sensation of pleasure after aversion
- positive alliesthesia: change in sensation from aversion to pleasure
discovery
The French sensory physiologist Michel Cabanac is considered to be the first to describe alliesthesia . The first publication in 1968 in a specialist journal was followed by over 40 other publications in international scientific journals, including internationally renowned journals: 1970 in nature and 1971 in Science . As mentioned in the first publication in the appendix, the name was chosen in collaboration with the Greek-born co-author Stylianos Nicolaïdis .
Alliesthesia was originally discovered through experiments on humans, and later confirmed in rats ( Rattus norvegicus ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ M. Cabanac, Y. Minaire, ER Adair: Influence of internal factors on the pleasantness of a gustative sweet sensation. In: Communic Behav Biol Part A. 1, 1968, pp. 77-82.
- ↑ M. Cabanac, R. Duclaux: Specificity of internal signals in producing satiety for taste stimuli. In: Nature. 227, 1970, pp. 966-967.
- ↑ M. Cabanac: Physiological Role of Pleasure. In: Science. 173 (4002), 1971, pp. 1103-1107. (www.sciencemag.org)