Old Church (Bönen)
The old church is a listed church building in the municipality of Bönen in the Unna district in North Rhine-Westphalia. It is surrounded by a church square with linden trees and partly old half-timbered buildings, visible from afar on the Bönener Höhe. The Protestant community of the Uniate Confession belongs to the Hamm church district.
Origins
The old church is first mentioned in a document from 1032, when Archbishop Pilgrim of Cologne gave the monastery in Deutz among several churches between the Ruhr and Lippe also that of Boine (Bönen). This donation is confirmed by a bull from Pope Urban IV in 1161 . The patroness of the church was St. Agatha . The actual church was founded earlier, however, so the first church to have stood on the Bönener Höhe was a simple wooden church , the construction of which is scheduled for the time of Charlemagne around the year 800. However, this must have given way to a stone church a little later. During the demolition of the late Romanesque or Gothic vaulted church built around 1150 in 1836 for the current church, foundations of an even narrower church were found within its surrounding walls. The vaulted church from the 12th century, which was equivalent to the current church in size, could be entered through a round arched double arcade, which is now walled up, through the tower, there was also an entrance on the north and south sides. The church had a main nave and two side aisles with arched vaults, which were supported by round pillars. The side aisles were equipped with galleries, the gallery on the south side once belonged to the von Boynen family. There was a stone altar in the chancel, which was also spanned by an arched vault, with the pulpit at the southeast corner in front of it. A sacristy was added to the east of the choir as an extension. On the back wall of the tower there was a gallery for the organ.
Today's church building
The current church was built from sandstone blocks according to plans by the Soest building councilor Friedrich Wilhelm Buchholz and was inaugurated in 1846. The main aisles and the two side aisles have a square floor plan with a side length of 17.5 m under a shared saddle roof, the choir room has a rectangular floor plan measuring 5.75 × 6.35 m and has a lower saddle roof. A sacristy in the shape of a hexagon was added to the east wall of the choir in 1904. The north and south sides of the church are divided by three high arched windows each; the north and south portals are located under the middle windows. On the east side there is another arched window to the right and left of the choir room. The east side of the choir is adorned with a large rose window with stained glass in the form of a Romanesque wheel window. The almost 9 m high interior of the church is structured by a gallery running around the north, west and south sides, 4 m deep, the wooden parapet adorned with cassettes. The cladding of the eight wooden pillars that support the galleries and the ceiling are also adorned with cassettes. The shape of the large altar in the choir represents a royal throne.
The tower
The Romanesque church tower is the oldest monument in the municipality of Bönen, it probably dates from the middle of the 12th century. Its ground plan is 6.75 × 7.5 m, with a tower helmet it reaches a height of 33 m. Its side walls are divided into five levels, matt arched panels at the bottom, a arched window in a niche with arched friezes above, two arched windows on the third level, two wider arched windows with a round central column and squat capitals and two oculi on the fifth level . Above it is a cornice made of bulge, throat and plate. To the west of the tower, a front building measuring 4.5 × 7.5 m with a towering monopitch roof was added later . This has narrow outwardly narrowing window slots in three levels in the style of a defensive structure. Since the original west entrance of the tower was lowered and adapted to the door height of the porch, the tower with porch was also used as a place of retreat and defense in the late Middle Ages. Knight Ludolf von Boinen was the loyal chancellor of Count Adolf von der Mark around 1200 . Tower with porch were thus included in the fortification system of the old knight's seat of the von Boinen, which was also surrounded by moats.
The bells
On the fourth level of the tower, three bronze bells hang in wooden yokes made of oak in a three- tier belfry built in 1425 :
Bell 1: Name: Maria, strike: e '+ 10, diameter: 1160 mm, caster: Wolter Westerhues, year of casting: 1533.
Bell 2: Name: S. Agatha strike: f ', diameter: 1030 mm, caster: Antonius Paris, year of casting: 1652.
Bell 3: Name: S. Catrina Strike: a '- 4, diameter: 870 mm, caster: Peter and Nikolaus Gomon, year of casting: 1631.
A mechanical church tower clock struck the hour on the Agatha bell, but the clock was taken out of service in 1931, and its remains are on the ground floor of the tower.
The organ
The first organ in the community was built in 1687 by the organ builder Konrad Winbreucker; it was destroyed when the vaulted church was demolished in 1836. With the inauguration of the new church in 1846, a new organ was built by the organ builder Carl-August Buchholtz in Berlin. This was replaced in 1972 by an organ from the organ builder Alfred Führer in Wilhelmshaven with 21 registers as follows:
Pedal: sub-bass 16 ', flute bass 8', pommer 4 ', bassoon 16', clarine 4 ', tremulant.
I. Manual: Rückpositiv (RP): Gedackt 8 ', Principal 4', Recorder 4, 'Octave 2', Fifth 1 1/3, Sesquialtera 2f., Scharff 3f., Krummhorn 8 '.
II. Manual: Hauptwerk (HW): Prinzipal 8 ', Rohrflöte 8', Okteve 4 ', Spitzflöte 4', Waldflöte 2 ', Mixtur 5f., Trumpet 8'.
Coupling: RP to pedal, HW to pedal, RP to HW.
Sill
Individual evidence
- ↑ Copy of the 14th century in the copy of the Deutz Abbey, in: Friedrich Wilhelm Oediger : Die Regesten der Archbischöfe von Köln im Mittelalter , Vol. 1: 313-1099 , pp. 219f, Bonn 1954.
- ^ Historical archive of the city of Cologne , inventory 208 (Deutz, Abtei), U 3 / 8A.
- ^ Joseph Bernhard Nordhoff : The art and historical monuments of the province of Westphalia , vol. 1: Hamm district , Leipzig 1881, p. 97.
- ^ Karlheinz Maaß: History of the Evangelical Church Community Bönen , Bönen 1991, p. 18.
Web links
Coordinates: 51 ° 35 ′ 54.7 " N , 7 ° 46 ′ 38.4" E