At the Römerturm 3
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The residential building Am Römerturm 3 is a listed building in Cologne's old town.
history
The history of the house at Am Römerturm 3 goes back to the beginning of the 13th century. Richolf Parfuse, temporary mayor and one of the most important men in the city of Cologne, acquired some land in the area of the north-west corner of the former Roman city wall, directly at the so-called Roman tower, and had the Parfusenhof built on it. In 1265 his son Werner and his wife Gertrud sold the farm to Count Wilhelm IV. Von Jülich and his wife Rikardis, making it a princely settlement within the city wall. In 1268, however, it was destroyed during the dispute between the Overstolz and the “wise men”. In his will, Rikardis von Jülich donated the site with the remains of the building for the construction of a monastery. After an initial renovation of the superstructures, the Poor Clare Monastery of St. Clara was established in 1306 , which existed until it was abolished as part of the secularization in 1802. The monastery was initially leased under French administration as a domanial property and in 1808 it was sold to a silk manufacturer from Krefeld (NN. Riedel). As early as 1804 the abbey church on the northern Roman wall was laid down. Riedel fallierte but already in 1809 which led to re-auction. In the same year, the Cologne lawyer Johann Baptist Balthasar Kraemer became the new owner . A year later, further parts of the building were laid down before the goods broker Joseph Mahlberg, together with the merchant Ludwig Joseph Sugg, became new owners. They were followed in 1819 by the Attorney General at the Royal Court of Appeal , Johann Gottfried Alexander Maria Hubert (von) Sandt (1786–1839), who subsequently carried out extensive renovations and extensions. So he had, among other things, in the years 1820 to 1822, possibly based on a design by the government and building councilor Johann Martin Schauss (1775– around 1847), the current house at Am Römerturm 3 converted and renovated in the classicist style and in 1833/1834 the so-called Römerturm add an office to a three-story residential building. After the death of Sandts, the entire area was auctioned off in 1840. In the early days of property speculation within Cologne's old town, Helenenstraße and Am Römerturm were built on the site, with other former farm buildings of the monastery remaining until 1869.
The house plot at Am Römerturm 7 (today 3), which was formed in the course of the first parceling out of parcels, included a garden or park area behind the house itself, which has largely merged into today's playground. Subsequent owners of the von Sandt family first became the Elberfeld merchant Gustav Friedrich Esch and his wife Emilie born in 1840 . Uellenberg. Until he moved to the Römerturm, Esch operated a cotton mill at “Unter Sachsenhausen 39” as a partner in the “Bucherer et Esch” company. After the marriage failed, the property passed to Emilie Esch (1849) and from there to the pensioner Heinrich Schultz in 1852. His widow Caroline Schultz, b. Rumpel acquired the neighboring houses Am Römerturm 3 and 5 in 1879 and 1880 and had them remodeled with regard to their facade design, creating a uniform image in connection with the main house. She lived there with the family of her daughter Lina and her son-in-law Otto Welter .
In 1919, the private bank “Delbrück von der Heydt & Co.” founded in the same year finally acquired the property and set up its business premises in it after previous renovations (see Cologne banking ). After it was destroyed by fire bombs during the Second World War, only the masonry and the vaulted cellar below were largely intact. Delbrück & Co. sold the ruins in 1952 to KG Großpeter, Lindemann & Co., stoneware works in Frechen-Großkönigsdorf, which planned a new building based on designs by architects Borgard & Volmer, Cologne-Ehrenfeld. In 1954, however, the city of Cologne acquired the property, as there were plans to build an elementary school on it, including adjacent rubble sites. But even this plan remained unrealized. It was not until 1972, when the park was separated, that the ruin was sold to the architect Prof. Friedrich Wilhelm Kraemer . Until 1974 he had the house rebuilt with a modern design of the garden front but other preservation of the old building substance. In addition to a private apartment, the building now houses the “ConLead Performance Manager GmbH” and the “Kaspar Kraemer Architekten BDA” studio founded by Kraemer 's son, Kaspar Kraemer . The “Sancta-Clara-Keller” is used as an event room and is also used for concerts and festive occasions. For example, for the 700th anniversary of the consecration of the Sancta Clara Monastery in the presence of the then Prime Minister Jürgen Rüttgers , the Lord Mayor Fritz Schramma and the Auxiliary Bishop Heiner Koch on August 12, 2006.
The building was listed on May 7, 1985 (No. 2952).
description
The building was revised and rebuilt in classicist forms from 1820 to 1822 using a central building from the former St. Clara monastery. The vaulted cellar of the former Parfusenhof from the beginning of the 13th century was included. The two-storey building has a finely proportioned facade with a ribbon-like square plaster with nine window axes and a wide gabled extension. The unusual plaster, which is otherwise not used for classicist Cologne residential buildings, was possibly only created during a further renovation involving the old buildings at Am Römerturm 3 and 5 around 1880/82. The building is considered to be the only classicist residential building in Cologne's old town that has survived after the severe destruction of the Second World War .
Web links
- Photo on bilderbuch-koeln.de
literature
- Olaf Gisbertz (edit.): Handbook of German art monuments. North Rhine-Westphalia I Rhineland . ( Dehio manual ) Deutscher Kunstverlag , Munich / Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-422-03093-X , p. 742.
- Ralf Gier: St. Claren - A fruit estate in the middle of the city. In: Werner Schäfke (Ed.): Am Römerturm. Two millennia of a Cologne district. (= Publications of the Cologne City Museum. Volume 7.) Cologne City Museum, Cologne 2006, ISBN 3-927396-99-0 , pp. 137–168 and 187–189.
- Wolfram Hagspiel : The “St. Claren Quarter”. Its structural and urban development up to the present. In: Werner Schäfke (Ed.): Am Römerturm. Two millennia of a Cologne district. (= Publications of the Cologne City Museum. Volume 7.) Cologne City Museum, Cologne 2006, ISBN 3-927396-99-0 , pp. 205–212.
Coordinates: 50 ° 56 ′ 25.8 ″ N , 6 ° 56 ′ 50.1 ″ E