Ambrosia

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Ambrosiaster , also called pseudo-Ambrosius in literature , (* in the 4th century; † in the 4th century, active between 366 and 384) was an unknown Paul commentator . He wrote at the time of Pope Damasus I (366–384) commentaries on thirteen letters from Paul . Only he did not comment on the letter to the Hebrews . Various writings that are now assigned to Ambrosiaster have come down to us both under the name of Ambrosius and under the name of Augustine .

Live and act

The writings of Ambrosiaster have been handed down under the name of Ambrosius since the early Middle Ages. Erasmus of Rotterdam proved the incorrect attribution of these Pauline letter commentaries to Ambrosius. Erasmus named this anonymous Christian author from the 4th century "Ambrosiaster". Ambrosiaster are still assigned the pseudo-Augustinian Quaestiones veteris et novi testamenti and five fragments of a St. Matthew declaration. The actual question of the author of these writings is open according to the current state of research. "Morin initially accepted the Jewish convert Isaac , who was known as the accuser of Pope Damasus and who later fell back to Judaism." Numerous researchers agreed with Morin, while he gave up his original hypothesis and Eugarios of Antioch († around 393) as the new author brought.

Ambrosiaster offers in his works "rational, text-oriented exegesis" without allegories. In addition, he is decidedly averse to philosophy as a methodological auxiliary science. For this he often works typologically. Ambrosiaster is often used as a witness for Augustine's doctrine of original sin. In his writings, however, Adam's guilt is not yet the cause of man's rejection. Ambrosiaster takes a polemical stand against paganism. Theologically, he is also sharply demarcated from Judaism . His polemical attacks are directed primarily against Christians who threaten to relapse into Judaism.

Contemporary authors such as Hieronymus , Augustine or Pelagius dealt with Ambrosiaster or used his writings. Ambrosiaster's writings have been widely used since the early Middle Ages.

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Individual references and comments

  1. ↑ a b c d Art. Ambrosiaster . In: Brockhaus Encyclopedia . 19th edition. tape 1 . FA Brockhaus, Mannheim 1986, ISBN 3-7653-1100-6 , p. 476 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Heinrich Joseph Vogels : Ambrosiaster . In: Josef Höfer , Karl Rahner (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 2nd Edition. tape 1 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1957, Sp. 426 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Wilhelm Geerlings : Ambrosiaster . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 1 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1993, Sp. 493 .
  4. ↑ This refers to the Belgian Benedictine and patrologist Germain Morin (1861–1946).
personal data
SURNAME Ambrosia
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pseudo-Ambrosius
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Paul commentator
DATE OF BIRTH 4th century
DATE OF DEATH 4th century