an-Nasir Dawud

Al-Malik an-Nasir Salah ad-Din Dawud ( Arabic الملك الناصر صلاح الدين داود, DMG al-Malik an-Nāṣir Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Dāwud ; † around 1256) was an emir of Syria and Palestine from the Ayyubid dynasty . He was a son of the Emir al-Mu'azzam 'Isa and a great-nephew of the famous Saladin .

An-Nasir succeeded his father, who died in November 1227, in rule over Syria with the capital Damascus . His two uncles al-Kamil of Egypt, who had already fought against an-Nasir's father, and al-Ashraf in Mesopotamia immediately allied against him . They agreed on a division of his territory, whereby al-Kamil also included the Roman-German Emperor Friedrich II , who had just arrived in the Orient in April 1228 on his crusade . In autumn 1228 al-Kamil occupied Jerusalem, which he ceded to the Christians by treaty in February 1229. In March 1229 an-Nasir was surrounded by the troops of his two uncles in Damascus, in July the city had to surrender. The rule in Damascus fell to al-Ashraf, while al-Kamil got northern Syria.

An-Nasir was compensated for his loss with the emirate of Transjordan and Kerak fortress as its capital, where he ruled as a subordinate of his uncle al-Kamil. In retaliation for an attack on a caravan by Peter Mauclerc in November 1239 ( crusade of the barons ), an-Nasir attacked Jerusalem and destroyed its defenses, but did not take the city. In the following year he supported his nephew al-Salih Ayyub , whom he had previously held captive, in the overthrow of his brother, Sultan al-Adil II , who ruled Egypt , in the hope of regaining rule over Damascus from as-Salih Ayyub. but what did not happen. In his last years an-Nasir pursued an eventful alliance policy with al-Salih Ayyub of Egypt, al-Salih Ismail of Syria and the Christian barons of Outremer . In 1244 a marauding horde of choristers occupied Jerusalem and drove the Christians out of the city, a year later al-Salih Ayyub conquered Palestine and Jerusalem for good. In 1248 an-Nasir was ousted by al-Salih Ayyub in Kerak. He died a few years later.

An-Nasir Dawud is not to be confused with his cousin an-Nasir Yusuf († 1260), who was the last Ayyubid ruler of Damascus.

literature

• Steven Runciman : History of the Crusades. Special edition in 1 volume. CH Beck, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-406-39960-6 ( Beck's historical library ).
• Wolfgang Stürner : Friedrich II. 1194-1250 . 3. Edition in one volume, fully bibliographically updated and expanded to include a foreword and documentation with additional information. Primusverlag, Darmstadt 2009, ISBN 978-3-89678-664-7 .

predecessor	Office	successor
al-Mu'azzam 'Isa	Emir of Damascus (Syria) 1227–1229	al-Ashraf Musa
al-Mu'azzam 'Isa	Emir of Kerak (Transjordan) 1229–1249	al-Mughith Umar