Andean treecreeper

Andean treecreeper
	Andean treecreeper ( Certhia americana )
Systematics
Order :	Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination :	Songbirds (passeri)
Superfamily :	Certhioidea
Family :	Treecreeper (Certhiidae)
Genre :	True treecreeper ( Certhia )
Type :	Andean treecreeper
Scientific name
	Certhia americana
	Bonaparte , 1838

The brown creeper ( Certhia americana ) is a North American bird art that there the position of the Eurasian forest tree rotor occupies.

features

The plumage of the 13 cm long Andean tree creeper is brown and white on the top, whitish on the underside and has a white stripe above the eyes. It has a long, thin, curved bill and a stiff support tail.

Occurrence

The Andean treecreeper lives in coniferous and mixed forests in large parts of North America up to Central America, the northern populations in the southeast of the USA and in northern Mexico.

behavior

Outside of the mating season, the Andean treecreeper is a solitary animal, which only fuses with other small birds to form larger flocks during the cold season. He systematically searches trees for spiders and insects.

Reproduction

The Andean treecreeper nests between ivy, loose bark or in a crevice. These hollows are padded with bark, moss and other plant material until a pocket-shaped, soft nest is created. The female incubates five to six eggs alone for two weeks.

Subspecies

Fifteen subspecies are known:

C. a. alascensis Webster, JD , 1986 - This subspecies is found in south-central Alaska .
C. a. occidentalis Ridgway , 1882 - This subspecies is found in southeast Alaska, western Canada, and western United States .
C. a. stewarti Webster, JD , 1986 - This subspecies is common on the islands of British Columbia in southwest Canada.
C. a. zelotes Osgood , 1901 - This subspecies is distributed in the mountains of southern Oregon through northern, eastern, and southern California in the western United States.
C. a. phillipsi Unitt & Rea , 1997 - The distribution area of this subspecies is central California.
C. a. montana Ridgway , 1882 - The range of this subspecies extends from the interior southwest of Canada to the north central area of the USA.
C. a. leucosticta van Rossem , 1931 - This subspecies occurs in southern Nevada and Utah .
C. a. americana Bonaparte , 1838 - The nominate form is common in southern and eastern Canada, as well as in the northern central and northeastern areas of the United States.
C. a. nigrescens Burleigh , 1935 - This subspecies is found in the eastern central part of the United States.
C. a. albescens von Berlepsch , 1888 - This subspecies is common in the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico .
C. a. guerrerensis van Rossem , 1939 - This subspecies is found in southwest Mexico.
C. a. jaliscensis Miller, W & Griscom , 1925 - This subspecies is common in western Mexico.
C. a. alticola Miller, GS , 1895 - This subspecies is common in central and southeastern Mexico.
C. a. pernigra Griscom , 1935 - This subspecies occurs from southern Mexico to Guatemala .
C. a. extima Miller, W & Griscom , 1925 - This subspecies occurs from eastern Guatemala to Nicaragua .

literature

Hans Hermann Carl Ludwig von Berlepsch: Descriptions of New Species and Subspecies of Birds From the Neotropical Region . In: The Auk . tape 5 , no. 4 , 1888, p. 449–460 (English, online [PDF; 516 kB ; accessed on March 20, 2015]).
Gerrit Smith Miller Jr .: The Systematic Name of the Mexican Creeper . In: The Auk . tape 12 , no. 2 , 1895, p. 185–186 (English, online [PDF; 105 kB ; accessed on March 20, 2015]).
Wilfred Hudson Osgood: New Subspecies of North American Birds . In: The Auk . tape 12 , no. 2 , 1901, p. 179–185 (English, online [PDF; 299 kB ; accessed on March 20, 2015]).
Thomas Dearborn Burleigh: Two new birds from the southern Appalachians . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 48 , 1935, pp. 61–62 ( online [accessed March 20, 2015]).
Adriaan Joseph van Rossem: Descriptions of new birds from the Mountains of Southern Nevada . In: Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History . tape 6 , no. 22 , 1931, p. 327-332 ( online [accessed March 20, 2015]).
Adriaan Joseph van Rossem: Four new races of Sittidae and Certhiidae from Mexico . In: Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington . tape 52 , 1939, pp. 3–6 ( online [accessed March 20, 2015]).
Waldron DeWitt Miller, Ludlow Griscom: Notes on Central American birds, with descriptions of new forms . In: American Museum Novitates . No. 183 , 1925, pp. 1–14 (English, online [PDF; 1.4 MB ; accessed on March 20, 2015]).
Ludlow Griscom: Critical Notes on Central American Birds in the British Museum . In: The Ibis . tape 77 , no. 3 , 1935, pp. 541–554 (English, online [PDF; 525 kB ; accessed on March 20, 2015]).
Robert Ridgway: Critical remarks on the tree-creepers (Certhia) of Europe and North America . In: Proceedings of the United States National Museum . tape 5 , no. 270 , 1882, pp. 111-116 ( online [accessed March 20, 2015]).
Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte: A geographical and comparative list of the birds of Europe and North America . Van Voorst, London 1838 ( online [accessed March 20, 2015]).
Philip Unitt, Amadeo Michael Rea in Robert William Dickerman: The Era of Allan R. Phillips: A Commemorative Chapter: Taxonomy of the Brown Creeper in California . Horizon Communications, Albuquerque, NM 1997, ISBN 0-913945-58-7 , pp. 177-185 .

Web links

Commons : Treecreeper - Album with pictures, videos and audio files

Certhia americana inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014.3. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2012. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
BirdLife International: Species Factsheet - American Treecreeper ( Certhia americana ) . Retrieved March 20, 2015.
Videos, photos and sound recordings for American Treecreeper (Certhia americana) in the Internet Bird Collection
Andean treecreeper ( Certhia americana ) at Avibase; accessed on March 20, 2015.
Certhia americana in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
xeno-canto: sound recordings - American Treecreeper ( Certhia americana )

Individual evidence

↑ IOC World Bird List Nuthatches, Wallcreeper, treecreepers, mockingbirds, starlings & oxpeckers
↑ Jackson Dan Webster, p. 199.
^ Robert Ridgway, p. 115.
↑ Jackson Dan Webster, p. 200.
↑ Wilfred Hudson Osgood, p. 182.
↑ Philip Unitt u. a., p. 180.
^ Robert Ridgway, p. 114.
^ Adriaan Joseph van Rossem (1931), p. 329.
^ Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, p. 11.
^ Thomas Dearborn Burleigh, p. 62.
↑ Hans Hermann Carl Ludwig von Berlepsch, p. 450.
^ Adriaan Joseph van Rossem (1939), p. 5.
↑ ^a ^b Waldron DeWitt Miller u. a., p. 6.
↑ Gerrit Smith Miller Jr., p. 186.
^ Ludlow Griscom, p. 552.

[1] IOC World Bird List Nuthatches, Wallcreeper, treecreepers, mockingbirds, starlings & oxpeckers

[webster199-2] Jackson Dan Webster, p. 199.

[ridgway115-3] Robert Ridgway, p. 115.

[webster200-4] Jackson Dan Webster, p. 200.

[osgood182-5] Wilfred Hudson Osgood, p. 182.

[unitt180-6] Philip Unitt u. a., p. 180.

[ridgway114-7] Robert Ridgway, p. 114.

[rossem329-8] Adriaan Joseph van Rossem (1931), p. 329.

[bonaparte11-9] Charles Lucien Jules Laurent Bonaparte, p. 11.

[burleigh62-10] Thomas Dearborn Burleigh, p. 62.

[berlepsch450-11] Hans Hermann Carl Ludwig von Berlepsch, p. 450.

[rossem5-12] Adriaan Joseph van Rossem (1939), p. 5.

[miller6-13] Waldron DeWitt Miller u. a., p. 6.

[miller186-14] Gerrit Smith Miller Jr., p. 186.

[griscom552-15] Ludlow Griscom, p. 552.