Employee Sociology

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The staff sociology is a special sociology , with a work by Emil Lederer about the "private employees" (1912) and a series of articles by Siegfried Kracauer in the Frankfurter Zeitung was founded by the 1929th Its subject matter is the social situation, the work situation and the awareness of the group of "private officials" and "(private) employees ", which has been growing since the end of the 19th century with the emerging large companies and large administrations .

Origin and development

The increase in the absolute number and the increasing proportion of employees, as well as their economic importance, drew the attention of sociologists to employees as early as the first third of the 20th century. Theoretical questions arose from the social tendency towards bureaucratisation as well as from the secular change from an industrial to a service society and from the associated increasing participation of women in working life, which manifested itself particularly in this sector.

In dealing with Marx's class theory , the assumption that capitalism was developing into a polarized two-class society was initially up for discussion . Instead of the expected decline and the proletarianization of the old middle class, a “new middle class” emerged. Theodor Geiger and C. Wright Mills were its early analysts. Geiger researched the importance of employees for the rise of National Socialism in the early 1930s.

Political and economic sociology was interested in the phenomenon of the “ rule of managers ”, which ( James Burnham ) discovered in the early 1940s. In the 1960s it was the “industrial bureaucracy” and the “technical-scientific intelligence” that became the preferred objects of investigation. The French sociologist Serge Mallet identified a new amalgam of technical intelligence and skilled workers as a “new working class” that could question capitalist (ir) rationality.

literature

Beginnings

  • Emil Lederer : The private employees in modern economic development . Tubingen 1912.
  • Siegfried Kracauer : The employees  : From the newest Germany Frankfurt a. M.: Frankfurter Societäts-Druckerei 1930. New editions: The employees: A font from the end of the year. Weimar Republic Allensbach; Bonn: Verl. F. Public opinion poll 1959; The employees: From d. latest Germany With e. Review by Walter Benjamin Frankfurt am Main 1971
  • Theodor Geiger : The social stratification of the German people. Sociographic experiment on a statistical basis , Stuttgart 1932.
  • Hans Speier : The employees before National Socialism . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1977 (announced publication was not published in 1933 for political reasons)
  • Carl Dreyfuss: Occupation and ideology of employees , Munich / Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, 1933.

Progress

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Max Weber's problem: "... how, under the conditions of the present, the principles of democracy and bureaucracy can be balanced ." ( Wolfgang Schluchter : Aspects of bureaucratic rule. List Verlag: Munich 1972. p. 12f ISBN 3-471 -61601-2 )