Anglo-Iraqi treaties
The Anglo-Iraqi treaties are a series of agreements that were concluded between the government of Iraq and the British mandate in the 1920s and 1930s .
The area of today's Iraq, consisting of the former Turkish Vilâyet Mosul, Baghdad and Basra, found itself under British control after the end of the Ottoman Empire after the First World War . At the San Remo Conference in 1920, Great Britain was granted the area by the League of Nations as a mandate area. The three Vilâyet were combined to form the British Mandate Mesopotamia . After the Iraqi uprising of 1920/1921 , a Hashemite monarchy was established with King Faisal I as the first ruler in Iraq. With this new government, the British signed the first Anglo-Iraqi treaty in 1922 , which gave Great Britain a control over the administration of the country for a fixed period of 20 years. In the treaty of 1926 this period was shortened to 10 years and the aim was to give Iraq a national independence in 1932. The last Anglo-Iraqi treaty was dated June 30, 1930, and committed both states to foreign policy cooperation and military assistance. He also secured a military presence for Great Britain in the form of military bases at Basra and Habbania . In 1948, this contract was renewed under Prime Minister Salih Jabr , which led to bloody anti-British riots and Jabr's abdication.
literature
- Beth K. Dougherty, Edmund A. Ghareeb: Historical Dictionary of Iraq. Scarscrow Press, 2013.