Anophelinae

Anophelinae
	Anopheles stephensi
Systematics
Class :	Insects (Insecta)
Order :	Fly (Diptera)
Subordination :	Mosquitoes (Nematocera)
Family :	Mosquitoes (Culicidae)
Subfamily :	Anophelinae
Scientific name
	Anophelinae
	Grassi , 1900
Genera
	anopheles; Bironella; Chagasia;

The Anophelinae are next to the Culicinae one of two subfamilies of the mosquitoes (Culicidae). There are 478 species described within the subfamily. Most of the representatives belong to the eponymous genus Anopheles, which is distributed almost worldwide . There are also two other genera : Bironella, which only occurs in the Australasian region and comprises eight species, and Chagasia, which is restricted to the Neotropic , has five species. Different Anopheles species are the carriers of malaria .

features

Adults / adults

The adult ( imago ) of most species within the Anophelinae can be identified by their characteristic posture, they provide in their bodies largely straight and usually at an angle of 30 to 45 ° to the ground. The wings usually have dark or pale patches formed by scales on the veins ; in some species the wing veins are completely covered with dark scales. The mandibular palps (maxillary palps) of both sexes are, except in Bironella , about as long as the proboscis. In contrast, the female palps of the Culicinae are usually much shorter. The back shield ( scutellum ) is evenly round in the genera Anopheles and Brionella , in Chagasia it is three-lobed.

Larvae

As with all mosquitoes, the larvae of the Anophelinae, which are bound to the water , in contrast to the culicinae, do not have a breathing tube at the end of the abdomen, but only a breathing opening. With the help of water-repellent palm-shaped hair on the abdominal segments, they keep themselves parallel to the water surface. The pupae are difficult to distinguish from those of the subfamily Culicinae.

Posture of adult Anophelinae (A, B) compared to a culicine mosquito (C).
Feeding of an anopheline larva (A) compared to that of a representative of the Culicinae (B).
Culicinae larvae attach themselves to the water surface with their breathing tube (A), Anophelinae with their palm hairs (C). (B): the breathing holes.
Anopheles larva.

meaning

While Bironella and Chagasia are of no importance as carriers of disease , different Anopheles species are important as carriers of malaria . In addition, representatives of the genus can transmit filariasis and various arboviruses .

supporting documents

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Subfamily Anophelinae Grassi, 1900. RE Harbach: Mosquito Taxonomic Inventory, accessed on June 10, 2012 .
↑ Bironella. (No longer available online.) Walter Reed Biosystematic Unit: Mosquito Genera, archived from the original on March 4, 2011 ; Retrieved June 10, 2012 .
↑ Chagasia. (No longer available online.) Walter Reed Biosystematic Unit: Mosquito Genera, archived from the original on September 20, 2012 ; Retrieved June 10, 2012 .

[Harbach_Anophelinae-1] Subfamily Anophelinae Grassi, 1900. RE Harbach: Mosquito Taxonomic Inventory, accessed on June 10, 2012 .

[WRBU_Bironella-2] Bironella. (No longer available online.) Walter Reed Biosystematic Unit: Mosquito Genera, archived from the original on March 4, 2011 ; Retrieved June 10, 2012 .

[WRBU_Chagasia-3] Chagasia. (No longer available online.) Walter Reed Biosystematic Unit: Mosquito Genera, archived from the original on September 20, 2012 ; Retrieved June 10, 2012 .