Canton of Appenzell

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Coat of arms of the historic canton of Appenzell
(today of the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden )
Stained glass in the dome of the Federal Palace

The canton of Appenzell was a member of the Old Confederation and in 1597 was divided into the two half-cantons of Appenzell Innerrhoden and Appenzell Ausserrhoden ( land division ).

The name Appenzell ( Latin abbatis cella ) means "cell (ie. Estate) of the abbot". This refers to the prince abbey of St. Gallen , which exerted great influence on the area. In 1411, Appenzell was turned into a town and in 1513 a full member of the Confederation. The denominational conflicts in the Counter-Reformation led to the fact that in 1597 the canton was divided into the Catholic Inner Rhodes and the Reformed Outer Rhodes.

“Canton Appenzell” remained in use as a collective term for both parts, but is now out of date. Usually one speaks of "the two Appenzell" (political) or of the " Appenzellerland " (geographical) when one means Inner and Outer Rhodes together. Often heard, but wrong, is “das Appenzell”.

history

In the 7th and 8th centuries, the Alemannic settlement of the Appenzellerland began along the Glatt . The prince abbey of St. Gallen was of great importance in the intellectual and cultural field . In the year 907 the abbot and bishop Solomon created the Herisau church in the monastery of St. Gallen . At this time, the first mention of a church in Herisau is found. In 1071 there was a new break in the basin and a church was donated. The name Appenzell is mentioned for the first time as abbatis cella .

In the course of the Appenzell Wars, the Battle of Vögelinsegg took place in 1403 and the Battle of Stoss in 1405 . The trigger was a tough tax regiment by the St. Gallen abbot Kuno and his governor Clanx zu Appenzell, whose castle the Appenzell farmers had subsequently destroyed out of anger. 1411 Appenzell was as a result of these events facing location of the eight old federal locations . In 1513 Appenzell was accepted as the 13th place in the Swiss Confederation .

During the Reformation there was a dispute between the two denominational camps, the Reformed outer and the Catholic inner Rhoden . Due to the conflict over the accession of the canton to alliances of the Catholic places with the Borromean Bund and Spain (the dominant power of Catholicism at the time), Appenzell divided itself into the Catholic Inner Rhodes and the Reformed Outer Rhodes in 1597 .

literature