Occupational health and safety management system

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An occupational health and safety management system (AMS) is intended to serve companies in a process-based manner in order to avoid work-related accidents , work-related injuries and illnesses in their operations and to generally protect the health of employees in the workplace. Various guidelines and standards contain specifications for this.

Standards for AMS

AMS BAU is an industry-specific occupational safety management system for member companies of the professional association for the construction industry (BG BAU). The AMS BAU concept is based on the "National Guidelines for Occupational Safety Management Systems (NLF)" adopted in the Federal Republic of Germany in June 2002.

BGW AMS and BGW qu.int.as are implementation aids provided by the professional association for health and welfare services (BGW) for companies that want to systematically organize the safety and health of their employees at work. The BGW AMS is an independent occupational health and safety management system that was developed on the basis of the National Guidelines for Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems (NLF). BGW qu.int.as, on the other hand, is integrated into an existing quality management system according to DIN EN ISO 9001: 2015. BGW member companies can apply for a seal of approval for their BGW AMS or BGW qu.int.as.

ASCA is an occupational health and safety check in systems that the State of Hesse created for its supervisory authorities in 1993. It consists of various checklists, for example for the master level or for the documents in occupational health and safety, which enable system errors to be found and remedied in the occupational safety organization of plant operators.

ILO-OSH 2001 , the guideline for occupational safety management systems of the International Labor Organization (ILO, occupational safety organization of the UN), is recognized worldwide. It was implemented largely with the same content in Germany in the National Guide for Occupational Safety Management Systems . B. the Bavarian trade supervisory authority can issue certificates. However, ILO-OSH is not a standard. In Annexes B.3 and B.4 in OHSAS 18002: 2008, OHSAS 18001: 2007 is compared with ILO-OSH.

ISO 45001 has the same basic structure as ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 and is based on ILO-OSH 2001, OHSAS 18001 and national standards. According to ISO, the transition period from OHSAS 18001 is expected to be three years.

OHRIS (Occupational Health and Risk Management System) is an occupational health and safety management system concept for the sustainable and effective improvement of the protection of employees against work-related hazards and the safety of technical systems. It was developed jointly by the Bavarian trade inspectorate and industry. OHRIS can be implemented in organizations of all industries and sizes.

OHSAS 18001 ( Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series ) was based on ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 . In 2007, OHSAS 18001 was established as the UK standard. In Poland, too, the standard has become a national norm. With a distribution in more than 80 countries around the world, OHSAS 18001 was one of the best known and most important standards for an AMS. A certification to this standard was possible. The standard was replaced by ISO 45001 in 2018.

SCC does Safety Certificate Contractors . Contractors are technical service providers for the petrochemical or large-scale chemical industry and others. Basically, it's not a management system, but rather a questionnaire that was created in the Netherlands in 1994. Certification according to this standard is possible.

OHRIS meets the requirements of the following national and internationally recognized specifications:

  • Guidelines for occupational safety management systems of the International Labor Organization (ILO) "Guidelines on occupational safety and health management systems - ILO-OSH 2001",
  • Guideline of the regional committee for occupational safety and security technology (LASI): occupational safety management systems "Specification for the voluntary introduction, application and further development of occupational safety management systems (AMS)" LV 21.
  • National guide to occupational health and safety management systems.

OHRIS does not require any third-party certification and does not cause any costs for the company. The Bavarian trade supervisory authorities advise companies free of charge on the voluntary introduction of a company occupational health and safety management system based on OHRIS and, upon request, carry out a review of the company's occupational health and safety management system and recognize the system after a successful review. The basics of OHRIS and all the necessary aids for its introduction and use have been published by the Bavarian Ministry of the Environment in the brochure “The OHRIS Overall Concept” and can be ordered or downloaded there free of charge. In addition, periodically updated checklists for the internal audit are available on the Internet - as a text file and as a database application.

Guidelines for AMS, which are recommended by the state ministries responsible for occupational safety, are: LASI LV 21 "Specification for the voluntary introduction, application and further development of occupational safety management systems (AMS)" and LASI LV 22 "Occupational safety management systems - instructions for the voluntary introduction and use of occupational safety management systems ( AMS) for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) ”.

In addition, the Main Association of Commercial Employers' Liability Insurance Associations (HVBG), today the German Statutory Accident Insurance (DGUV eV; since the merger with the Federal Association of Accident Funds in 2007), has created the brochure “5 modules for a well-organized company” . The most important requirements for an AMS are summarized here on 20 pages.

Reasons for an AMS

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The number 1 cause of accidents nowadays is poor behavior and organization. These can best be combated with an AMS. Companies that can show an AMS are checked less often and less precisely by the supervisory authorities. This is beneficial for both sides. In companies with works councils or staff councils, however, it is necessary for this employee representative body to build up sufficient competence in internal auditing according to the certificate issued by their company, since the legally regulated relationships between the employee representatives and supervisory authorities and professional associations do not apply to relationships with certification companies.

In the medium term, the frequency of accidents is reduced, which in turn leads to fewer downtimes, incidents and disruptions in operations. The commitment and loyalty of the employees as well as the attractiveness of the company for potential new employees increase. The company can be better adapted to demographic change. The top management is strengthened in its legal security.

Liability risks in occupational safety

This article or paragraph presents the situation in Germany . Help us to describe the situation in other countries.

The most important German legal sources for possible violations in occupational health and safety are:

According to Section 3 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the employer must, among other things, “ensure a suitable organization and provide the necessary resources”. If he intentionally violates his obligations, the limitations of liability mentioned in Book VII of the Social Code and listed above do not apply. In the case of grossly negligent action, the employer is liable to the social security agencies for the expenses incurred. Further details are regulated by § 110 SGB VII.

AMS according to OHSAS 18001: 2007

OHSAS 18001 is based on the ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 standards .

Occupational health and safety policy (A&G policy)

The first requirement of the AMS is the declaration of the employer or the top management about the introduction of an occupational health and safety management system, of which all employees should be informed. This can be done through notices or through notepad, which are distributed to everyone. According to OHSAS 18001, the A&G policy must also include the obligation to comply with the applicable legal requirements. Furthermore, the A&G policy must be accessible to the public.

planning

The risk assessment , risk assessment and the subsequent definition of control measures (see for example: hierarchy of measures ) are the most important part of planning the A&G policy. Both everyday processes and infrequent activities must be checked for dangers and risks. Procedural instructions are intended to ensure that legal requirements for the company are regularly collected, evaluated and implemented. Goals and programs for the continuous improvement of occupational health and safety must be defined and actively implemented. Training courses for all levels of the hierarchy are of particular importance.

implementation

Responsibilities (including Qualified person , health and safety coordinator , safety officer , Radiation Protection Officer ) and programs of the AMS must be installed and executed accordingly. Important examples are the procurement of work equipment and personal protective equipment, dealing with external companies, communication and advice with employees and their representatives, as well as emergency preparedness and hazard prevention (including first aid , explosion protection ). There is a wide overlap here with risk management.

Controlling

After the introduction, the AMS must be checked regularly. Similar to the financial sense, according to OHSAS 18001, controlling is to be introduced in which the most important key figures and other data are collected and evaluated. Corrective measures must be taken in the event of deviations. As with the QMS, EMS or internal auditing, internal audits must be carried out. If the system is certified, additional external audits must be held every year.

Evaluation by top management

The top management is obliged to evaluate the suitability of the AMS at fixed intervals. Such a management review is also carried out in the QM and UM system.

AMS according to SCC / SCP

Typical companies certified according to the SCC Safety Certificate Contractors are assembly companies, electrical service companies, cleaning and disposal companies that carry out manual work on the premises of petrochemicals or other large chemical companies.

Temporary employment agencies that provide temporary workers for the same target group can be certified according to the SCP (Security Certificate for Personnel Service Providers). An AMS is also required here.

The similarities with OHSAS 18001 are very large. However, there are also differences. Subcontractors used by contractors must also have a certificate or an approved AMS. The operational managers of the contractors must successfully pass an examination from an accredited organization. SCC and SCP set strict guidelines for the number of accidents for contractors (1,000 man quota). Anyone who exceeds the limit values ​​or does not meet certain other hard criteria will not receive an SCC certificate. In addition, the basic provisions of environmental protection are also checked by the certifiers. This is why this management system is also called SGU - Safety, Health, Environmental Protection.

SCC and SCP are protected, accredited procedures.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.bgbau.de/ams-bau
  2. ↑ BGW AMS - BGW-online. Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  3. ↑ Quality management (qu.int.as) - BGW-online. Retrieved February 11, 2020 .
  4. ↑ http://www.ilo.org/safework/info/standards-and-instruments/lang--en/index.htm
  5. ↑ http://www.stmas.bayern.de/fibel/sf_o007.php , as of August 18, 2012
  6. ↑ Let the migration begin (en) . In: ISO . 
  7. ↑ a b LASI publications. State Committee for Occupational Safety and Health, accessed on December 8, 2015 .
  8. ↑ State Committee for Occupational Safety and Health (Ed.): Principles of official system control . LV 54, 2011, ISBN 978-3-936415-65-0 , pp. 42 ( PDF; 324 kB [accessed on December 8, 2015] "Dealing with certified systems - the successful completion of an examination of the effectiveness of an occupational health and safety management system (AMS) or comparable system should relieve the burden on self-initiated monitoring measures. This applies in particular if the Company presents certificates, seals of approval or other certificates that assess the organization of occupational health and safety and that meet the content and requirements of the national guidelines. Measures taken by the competent state authorities for specific events remain unaffected. The accident insurance institutions may be informed of the results. ").
  9. ↑ In accordance with the Works Constitution Act, regulations on the prevention of occupational accidents and diseases as well as on health protection within the framework of the statutory provisions or the accident prevention regulations are also determined. The works council must also ensure that the regulations on occupational safety and accident prevention in the company as well as on company environmental protection are implemented. The employee representatives' co-determination obligation resulting from this would have to be secured here with the Works Constitution Act, if necessary. In addition, point 4.4.3.2 in OHSAS 18001: 2007, for example, requires employee participation.