National Archaeological Museum of Parma
The National Archaeological Museum of Parma ( Italian Museo archeologico nazionale di Parma ) was founded in 1760 as the Ducale Museo d'antichità in Parma , making it one of the oldest archaeological collections in the world.
history
Founded by Filippo di Borbone in view of the excavations in Roman Veleia , the house in the royal seat of the Duchy of Parma took up the southwest wing of the Palazzo della Pilotta from the middle of the 19th century . This already contained the coin collection of the Farnese , the dukes of Parma. First the house took on the Tabula Alimentaria traianea , a bronze plaque 1.38 × 2.86 m, which was discovered in Veleia in 1747, and Lex de Gallia Cisalpina . Finds from the Luceria near Ciano d'Enza , excavated at the instigation of a company from Parma, were also deposited in the Ducal Museum.
From 1803 , Napoleon claimed the most valuable items from these finds and had them transported to Paris, from where they only returned after the Congress of Vienna . Among them were sculptures of the Roman Palatine from the Farnese collection . On the initiative of Duchess Maria Luigia (1815–1847), the museum moved to its new location in the Pilotta Palace, along with the Farnese pieces, Greek, Etruscan, Egyptian and Italian finds and the coin collection. In 1866 the statues in the Accademia were finally transferred from the Basilica di Veleia to the museum. Under the direction of Luigi Pigorini and Pellegrino Strobel, one of the most important archaeological collections in the country was established on this basis. Michele Lopez was the head of the house until 1867. Beside him, Duke Stefano Sanvitale , son of the ducal couple Alessandro and Costanza Scotti, who married Princess Luigia Gonzaga in 1787, from 1806 Podestà of Parma, appeared as a passionate collector. Thus, within a quarter of a century, today's Egyptian collection came about, the first pieces of which were scarab seals, which Pietro Gennari had sold to the museum in 1828. Lopez acquired the core of the Egyptian collection mainly between 1830 and 1832 by purchasing over 40 exhibits. No Egyptian finds have been added since the end of the 19th century. After Giovanni Mariotti resumed excavations in Veleia in 1876, further finds came to the museum.
In 2009, following a contract with the Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali , the Fondazione Cariparma gave the house a collection of 429 Egyptian scarab seals, the oldest of which dates from around 2100 BC. Originated in BC; the youngest date from the late period (essentially from around 728–525 BC).
The present museum goes back to a restructuring in 1965. The building, which is to replace the wing of the Cavallerizza, which was destroyed in the Second World War , was to house new exhibition rooms, but also technology and didactic means.
structure
On the ground floor there are exhibits from prehistory , the Bronze and Iron Ages, the Roman era, in particular the finds from Parma, Luceria, Castione Marchesi. On the first floor the Trajan tablet, the Egyptian pieces, statues from Veleia, ceramics, medals and coins as well as Christian antiques are exhibited, as well as the marble works from the Gonzaga and Farnese collections.
literature
- Giuseppe Botti: I cimeli Egizi del Museo di Antichità di Parma (= Accademia Toscana di Scienze e Lettere "La Colombaria". Studi. 9, ISSN 0065-0781 ). Leo S. Olschki, Florence 1964.
- Roberta Conversi: La formazione e gli allestimenti della Sezione Egizia del Museo Archeologico Nazionale di Parma. Una novità: l'esposizione della Collezione Magnarini di scarabei sigillo. In: Archivio Storico per le Province Parmensi. Series 4, Vol. 60, 2008, ISSN 0392-0283 , pp. 437-464, ( digital version (PDF; 728.57 kB) ).
Web links
- Museo archeologico nazionale di Parma , website of the Soprintendenza Archeologia dell'Emilia-Romagna
Remarks
- ↑ Nicola Criniti: La tabula alimentaria di Veleia , Parma 1991, pp. 15-17.
Coordinates: 44 ° 48 ′ 17 " N , 10 ° 19 ′ 25.2" E