Arcticomyces warmingii
| Arcticomyces warmingii | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Arcticomyces warmingii | ||||||||||||
| ( Rostrup ) Savile |
Arcticomyces warmingii ( Syn. Exobasidium warmingii ) is a fungal art family of Nacktbasidienverwandten (Exobasidiaceae) from the order Ustilaginomycotina . It is an endoparasite of stone breakers ( Saxifraga spp.). Symptoms of the infection by the fungus are increased growth and hypertrophic plant galls on the shoots of the host plant. The range of the species includes a holarctic area in alpine and arctic regions.
features
Macroscopic features
Arcticomyces warmingii cannot be seen with the naked eye. Symptoms of the infestation are hypertrophic , plant galls on infested shoots, which also show increased leaf and axis growth and paler colors.
Microscopic features
As with all naked basidia , the mycelium of Arcticomyces warmingii grows intercellularly and forms suction threads that grow into the host's storage tissue. The fungus has a monomitic hypha structure made up of purely generative hyphae without buckles . The two-pored, 30–60 × 3–6 µm large basidia are simply septate at the base. They grow directly from the host epidermis . The spores are hyaline , cylindrical, thin-walled and 10–15 × 2–3 µm in size. When ripe they have a septum . The conidia of the species are 6–12 × 1 µm in size and cylindrical to thread-like.
distribution
The known distribution area of Arcticomyces warmingii includes the arctic and alpine regions of Europe and North America.
ecology
The host plants of Arcticomyces warmingii are Saxifraga aizoides , S. aizoon , S. aspera , S. bryoides and S. oppositifoli . The fungus feeds on the nutrients present in the storage tissue of the plants, its basidia later break through the leaf surface and release spores. After they have fallen on a suitable substrate, these germinate into conidia , from which new mycelium then develops. Exobasidium warmingii its part of exobasidii Cladosporium var. Verruculosum parasitized.
Systematics
Arcticomyces warmingii was first described by Rostrup in 1888. In addition to Exobasidium schinzianum , it was one of the few species that parasitized not on the heather family but on saxifrage . Savile placed the species in the monotypical genus Arcticomyces on the grounds that the basidia break out of stroma-like structures within the host tissue. Molecular analysis seems to confirm this.
swell
- E. Müller: Reflections on the Geographical Distribution of Exobasidium warmingii . In: Kew Bulletin . 31, No. 3, 1977, pp. 545-550.
Individual evidence
- ^ Mycobank , accessed October 11, 2012.
- ↑ K. Bensch, U. Braun, JZ Groenewald, PW Crous: The genus Cladosporium . In: Studies in Mycology. 72, 2012, pp. 1-401. doi : 10.3114 / sim0003 .
- ↑ Dominik Begerow, Robert Bauer, Franz Oberwinkler : The Exobasidiales: An evolutionary hypothesis. In: Mycological Progress. 1, 2002, pp. 187-199.