Arghul

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Egyptian arghul, 19th century, length 98 cm, attachments on the drone tube connected by threads
Arghul with bell on the drone tube, approx. 1970–1975

Arghul ( Arabic أرغول, DMG arġūl ; IPA: [ ʔarʁul ]), also urghul , is a traditional Arabic wind instrument . Its prehistory goes back to the time of the Egyptian Old Kingdom . In Egyptian folklore it is used especially to accompany dances. In Palestine it is called Yarghul  /يرغول / yarġūl .

Design

The arghul is a single reed instrument , more precisely a double reed pipe with idioglotten reeds . It has two parallel sound tubes that are connected with waxed threads. The shorter melody tube is called badan ("body") and has five to seven finger holes. Depending on the type of hole, different tone scales are possible, the range of the melody tube is around an octave . It won't overblown. The longer drone tube is called ʾarḍiyya ("basic"). With the help of attachments, the length of the drone tube can be changed, whereby different drone tones are possible. The arghul is played with circular breathing .

There are three sizes of the instrument: the large ( ʾarġūl al-kebir , melody tube up to 45 centimeters; drone tube up to 55 centimeters, with attachments up to 1.4 meters or longer), medium ( ʾarġūl as-suġayr , literally "smaller arghul ", Melody tube 30–35 centimeters; drone tube 32–100 centimeters) and small arghul ( ʾarġūl al-ʾasġar , literally “smallest arghul ”, drone tube maximum 40 centimeters).

In contrast to the arghul , the midschwiz has two similar melody tubes that are played in unison. In Turkey, the term arghul can also be used for çifte flüt . Related Iranian and Kurdish instruments are called dozaleh .

Discography

  • El Waaha. Western Desert Group. Bedouin music from the Bahariya Oasis. (With arghul, simsimiyya , drums and vocals) Collection de Musiques Populaires du Monde, CD from Colophon Records, 2003

literature

  • Jürgen Elsner: Remarks on the Big Arġūl. In: Yearbook of the International Folk Music Council, Vol. 1, 1969, pp. 234-239

See also

  • Aulos : antique wind instrument with two melody tubes
  • Launedda : Single reed instrument from Sardinia with three playing reeds of different lengths
  • Xeremia of Ibiza ; two connected melody tubes of equal length
  • Zummara : Arabic single reed instrument with two connected melody tubes of equal length

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica / Arghoul, http://en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Arghoul&oldid=1109671 (accessed May 20, 2009), originally in Edward William Lane : An Account of the Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians .
  2. ↑ Domari - Gypsy music: wind instruments (archive version) ( Memento from October 23, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ a b Curt Sachs : Real Lexicon of Musical Instruments, at the same time a polyglossary for the entire field of instruments. 1913, p. 19, online view , accessed May 21, 2009
  4. ↑ LA MUSIQUE AU PAYS DES PHARAON L'ARGHUL ou QOURMA (chalumeau double) , accessed on May 21, 2009
  5. ↑ Dominik Huber at http://dominikphoto.com , accessed on May 21, 2009
  6. ^ World Instrument Gallery , accessed May 21, 2009

Web links