Arnold Staub

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Arnold Staub with a medal chain.

Arnold Staub (born October 12, 1820 in Zurich ; † December 7, 1882 in Geislingen an der Steige ) was an important economic pioneer from Switzerland who drove the cotton industry in southern Germany and represented the interests of the cotton industry in the second half of the 19th century . He set himself a permanent monument with the unique workers' settlement in Kuchen .

Life

Arnold Staub was born in Zurich on October 12, 1820. His father was the Swiss cotton industrialist Johann Heinrich Staub , his mother was Anna Magdalene Steinmann, the daughter of a wealthy butcher and fur trader in St. Gallen.

Switzerland

Staub was self-taught and often mentioned to his son Robert that he had not had such a good school education as his son. In 1847, Staub took part as an artillery captain in the Sonderbund War, a civil war in Switzerland that lasted from November 3 to 29, 1847. After 1848 Arnold Staub was director of the spinning and weaving mill at Wild, Solivo & Comp. in Baden in the canton of Aargau, in which his father was involved. Then he was director of the cotton spinning and weaving mill in Arlen near Rielasingen and then director of the company Ziegler & Cie. in Winterthur.

Altenstadt

In 1852 Johann Heinrich Staub and his sons Emil and Arnold founded the "Mechanical Cotton Spinning JH Staub & Sons" in Altenstadt near Geislingen in order to bypass the customs barriers of the German Customs Union and to create a livelihood for his sons in the cotton industry. The company grew rapidly, but Johann Heinrich Staub died in 1854 two years after the company was founded. After his death it passed into the possession of his wife and their two sons Emil and Arnold. Even under the leadership of the brothers, the company experienced continuous growth. After his mother's death in 1861, Arnold sold his share in the company to his brother Emil. In 1871 Arnold took over the over-indebted company from his brother Emil following a foreclosure auction.

In Winterthur, Arnold Staub met the spinning mill manufacturer Heinrich Bühler and his daughter Henriette. In 1854 he married Henriette Bühler (1832–1857). The marriage had two children: Heinrich Staub (1856–1885) and Henriette Staub (1857–1872). After the birth of their second child, Staub's wife died. She was buried in a private cemetery that is now part of the Altenstadt cemetery and that the Staub brothers laid out in 1854 after the death of their father.

cake

Heinrich Bühler, the father of Staub's wife Henriette, who received an inheritance of at least 60,000 francs, died in 1856. Dust used his wife's share as the basis for founding a cotton weaving mill in Kuchen . He was able to win over Theodor Ziegler and Adolf Rieter as well-funded partners, the partners of the Winterthur spinning mill Ziegler & Cie. and whom he had met as the director of this company. Theodor Ziegler was also married to Karoline Bühler, the sister of Staub's wife. After purchasing the required land, Staub had Georg von Morlok , the architect of the Altenstadt company building, build the factory and workers' houses in Kuchen in 1858 and 1859. In the 1860s, other architects planned further factory buildings, the expansion of the workers' settlement and the construction of the bath and wash house.

On April 1, 1858, the cotton weaving mill "Staub & Comp." Was officially founded in Kuchen. In 1858 the cotton weaving mill already had a weaving room with 400 mechanical looms , at that time the largest in Europe. The location in Kuchen was chosen because of its favorable location on the Fils and the Stuttgart-Ulm railway line. Since there were not enough workers to be found in the surrounding villages for the expanding company, Staub built a workers' settlement between 1858 and 1887 . In the early days, mainly factory weavers from England and Switzerland who were supposed to train the local workers lived in the workers' settlement. At the World Exhibition in Paris in 1867, Arnold Staub received a gold medal and a price of 10,000 francs for his workers' settlement, and he was also awarded a prize by Napoleon III. awarded the Knight's Cross of the French Legion of Honor.

In his second marriage, Arnold Staub was married to Emmy Bourry, with whom he moved to Stuttgart in 1859 . The marriage resulted in four daughters and the son Robert Staub (1861–1964), who settled as a textile engineer in Mönchen-Gladbach. Because of his lifestyle, Staub was nicknamed "Marquis de la Poussière" in Stuttgart. In 1860 he was one of the founders of the Stuttgart Industrial Exchange Association, which later became known as the industrial and commercial exchange. Until his death he was head of this association. He also became a board member of the Association of South German Cotton Industrialists, which was founded in 1870. From 1871, after Emil Staub ran into financial difficulties, Staub managed the company alone.

In 1872, 1200 workers were employed in the cotton spinning mill; at that time it was one of the most important and technically advanced facilities of its kind in the country. However, due to flood damage, the economic crisis in 1873/1874 and a factory fire in 1876, Staub suffered major financial losses. His partners and several banks forced him to step down from the management in 1881. His company, Staub & Co., was dissolved and converted into a stock corporation in 1882 , which was named the South German Cotton Industry and was headed by Emil Waibel. Waibel brought the factories of Waibel & Co., a weaving mill in Günzburg and a spinning mill in Waltenhofen into the company.

  • Cotton mill cake, 1862.

  • Weaving room of the cake cotton mill, 1862.

  • Former bath house of the workers' housing estate in Kuchen, 2014.

Retirement

In 1881, Staub's second wife, Emma Staub, née. Bourry at the age of 42. After the death of their father in 1854, Emil and Arnold Staub established a private cemetery in Geislingen on what is now the Altenstadt cemetery, where their parents were buried in individual graves. Arnold Staub had a crypt built for his deceased wife in the private cemetery. At the end of 1881, Staub retired to Altenstadt and devoted himself to running his business, which was no less indebted than the cotton spinning mill in Kuchen.

Crypt of Arnold Staub and his wife Emmy Staub born. Bourry at the Altenstadt cemetery.

When the company was about to go bankrupt in 1882, Staub committed suicide in Geislingen on December 7, 1882 at the age of 62. Dust was buried in the crypt where his second wife had already found her final resting place. In the burial chamber there are two marble sarcophagi in which Arnold and Emmy Staub rest, a plaster bust of Arnold Staub and three urns with the ashes of Staub's daughters. His family received a foundation of 60,000 francs from acquaintances, but they could not keep the company. Arnold Staub's children from his first marriage died at a young age, his daughter Henriette died in 1872 at the age of 14, and his son Heinrich died of pneumonia three years after his father's death in 1885 at the age of 29. The children from the second marriage were between 68 and 85 years old.

The South German cotton industry took over the Altenstadt company as a branch in 1883. In 1972 the branch was shut down. In 1974 the associated industrial buildings were demolished. The Michelberg Gymnasium, the Michelberghalle and the Schubart Realschule were built on the site. The manor house has been preserved to this day. The southern German cotton industry went bankrupt in 1983 and was dissolved in 1986. The historic workers' settlement Kuchen is evidence of it and the former settlement . The buildings were modernized, repaired and partially converted.

Fonts

  • Arnold Staub: Description of the workers' quarter and the associated institutions of Staub & Co in Kuchen near Geislingen in Württemberg. With an atlas, 36 plates in folio. Crowned at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1867. Stuttgart: E. Hallberger, 1868,
    • Text volume, pdf .
    • Atlas.
  • Arnold Staub: Description de la cité ouvrière et des institutions qui s'y rattachent de MM: Staub & Cie a Kuchen près de Geislingen, en Wurtemberg. Avec un atlas de 36 planches in-folio. Couronné à l'exposition universelle de 1867 à Paris. Stuttgart: Hallberger, 1868.
    • Text volume, pdf .
    • Atlas.
  • Arnold Staub: [ Arnold Staub's farewell letter to his children on December 7, 1882]. Facsimile and transcription .

Honors and memberships

  • 1860: Co-founder and until his death head of the Stuttgart industrial stock exchange association (later industrial and commercial exchange).
  • 1867: Gold medal of the Grand Prize of the Jury spécial du nouvel ordre de recompenses at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1867.
  • 1867: Knight's Cross of the Württemberg Order of Frederick.
  • 1867: Knight's Cross of the French Legion of Honor. - Napoleon III. Arnold Staub personally presented the Knight's Cross at the train station in Geislingen.
  • 1870: Founder and board member of the Association of South German Cotton Industrialists.

literature

Life

  • Karlheinz Bauer: History of the city of Geislingen an der Steige. Volume 2: From 1803 to the present. Konstanz: Thorbecke, around 1975, pages 315-320, 337-340, 344-358.
  • Anne Hermann: Arnold Staub (1820 to 1882). An influential industrialist. In: Moments, 2011, issue 2, online .
  • Christel Köhle-Hezinger (editor); Walter Ziegler (editor): "The glorious history of our factory": on the history of the village and the cotton mill cake. Weissenhorn: Konrad, 1991. - The most extensive and factual monograph on Arnold Staub and the cake cotton spinning mill.
  • Wilfried Setzler: Of people and machines: industrial culture in Baden-Württemberg. Stuttgart: Metzler, 1998, pages 125-128, 147, 148, 158, 211.
  • The establishment of a factory on the "green field". The cotton weaving and spinning cakes. In: Walter Ziegler (editor): The Fils: River - Landscape - People. Göppingen: Göppingen District Archives, 2012, pages 188–197.

Cakes workers' settlement

  • Hans-Joachim Aderhold: "As if it were born with the factory". The workers' settlement in Kuchen . In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg , Volume 11, 1982, Number 4, Pages 158–170, pdf .
  • Brochure "Restoration of the historic workers' settlement", online .

Others

  • Peter Hadrysiewicz: Visit to the burial chamber. In: Südwest Presse (SWP), August 30, 2017, online .

Web links

Commons : Arnold Staub  - Collection of Pictures

Footnotes

  1. ↑ #Hermann 2011 . - According to the family table Staub-Bühler-Bourry in # Köhle-Hezinger 1991 , pages 340–341, Arnold Staub was born in 1821 and his brother Gustav Staub in 1820. On the edge of the historic workers' settlement in Kuchen hangs a portrait of Staub , under which the year 1821 is given as the year of birth.
  2. ↑ # Köhle-Hezinger 1991 , pp. 59-62.
  3. ↑ # Köhle-Hezinger 1991 , pp. 66, 70, 126.
  4. ↑ # Köhle-Hezinger 1991 , pp. 62-67.
  5. ↑ # Köhle-Hezinger 1991 , page 88.
  6. ↑ # Köhle-Hezinger 1991 , pages 78-83.
  7. ↑ #Aderhold 1982 , pp. 160-161.
  8. ↑ #Aderhold 1982 , page 164th
  9. ↑ poussière = French dust.
  10. ↑ # Köhle-Hezinger 1991 , page 130.
  11. ↑ # Köhle-Hezinger 1991 , pp. 130-133, #Hadrysiewicz 2017 .
  12. ↑ # Köhle-Hezinger 1991 , page 124.
  13. ↑ # Köhle-Hezinger 1991 , pages 126-133, 318, #Bauer 1975 , pages 320-324.
  14. ↑ #Hermann 2011 .
  15. ↑ Special jury for the newly introduced price application.
  16. ↑ #Bauer 1975 , page 318th
  17. ↑ #Bauer 1975 , page 318th
  18. ↑ #Bauer 1975 , page 318th
personal data
SURNAME Dust, Arnold
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Swiss economic pioneer
DATE OF BIRTH October 12, 1820
PLACE OF BIRTH Zurich
DATE OF DEATH December 7, 1882
Place of death Geislingen an der Steige