Open picture book
A pop-up book or pop-up book (sometimes upstanding picture book or Aufpoppbuch ) is a book which when opened one side by an integrated folding technique element "pop out" and can therefore appear in space. Sometimes the effect is reinforced by interactively intervening in the picture with the help of small cardboard levers, for example doors can be opened and closed or an element in the form of a car can be pushed back and forth.
term
In the German-speaking area, pop-up picture books are also known under terms such as folding, backdrop, tunnel, panorama, stand-up, set-up, transformation and game picture book or living or moving book. A special form are the kind of drawing books in which individual parts or backdrop elements are not folded on a flap, but rather pulled out, thus causing or suggesting a movement and visual change. In today's German language, the term includes almost all books that contain movable elements. In the Anglo-Saxon countries, on the other hand, the pop-up book is only one manifestation (among many) of the movable books, which is why the term movables or animated books is used more appropriately there . In Italy such books are called libri animati and in French usage livres animés .
history
From around 1860 on, German artists, printers and publishers played a key role in the worldwide distribution of this type of book. This was promoted by the printing processes developed in Germany at the time, which allowed high-quality reproduction of colored originals and replaced the hitherto customary hand coloring. One of the outstanding book artists of this time was Lothar Meggendorfer (1847–1925), who is valued today as an important pioneer of modern movable or living books. This period, known as the golden or German era, was ended by the First World War and the associated loss of printing capacities. In the period after that, only comparatively few new titles were created worldwide, because the production was associated with high costs due to the material costs and the manual labor required for the final production. This changed from around 1930, when publishers published inexpensive books with, however, mostly also lower print quality for the broad mass market. B. The Bookano titles in the Strand Publications series. Almost at the same time, the Blue Ribbon Press publishing house in New York published books in which characters from Walt Disney and traditional fairy tales are animated with moving elements. The publisher coined the term pop-up for these books for the first time, which quickly became an international term.
In the Anglo-American language area, up to 500 new pop-up books or movable books appear every year. In the German-speaking countries, on the other hand, comparatively few publications appear each year, with almost all of them being acquisitions from abroad.
Development and manufacture
In addition to the authors and illustrators, paper engineers play a decisive role in the development and manufacture .
Contemporary specimens are characterized by ever greater complexity, with music and light elements occasionally also being used. Target and user groups are no longer just children, but adults too. Development, printing and production are in different hands, with more and more titles appearing in different languages with the same layout. It can be observed that the production of movable books is increasingly being done by machine and replacing manual production. For cost reasons, production is currently primarily in China and (with a decreasing proportion) in South America.
Exhibitions
- About fearful knights, noble women and many a mysterious castle , pop-up books from the Hans Hartung collection in the Hattingen city library as part of the 2nd Hattinger Children's and Young People's Book Week (February 24, 2002 - March 16, 2002)
- Pop-up books unfold , pop-up books from the Hans Hartung Collection in the Düren Paper Museum (December 19, 2004 - April 3, 2005)
- Pop Up - Fantastic worlds of books , pop-up books from the Hans Hartung collection in Haus Kemnade in Blankenstein (March 4, 2007 - May 28, 2007)
- From Hilla's toy box - unfolded! Pop-up books , special exhibition in the Toy World department of the Obere Saline Museum (November 20, 2019 - May 10, 2020)
bibliography
- Georg Friedrich, Reinhilde von Katzenheim: Living pictures. Bibliography: annotated bibliography of books and printed matter published in German as well as in publishers and printing companies in the German-speaking area since 1900 Paperboxx collection. Edition Comboxx, Berlin / Zurich / Vienna 2010, DNB 1002213991 .
literature
- David A. Carter, James Diaz: The Pop-up Handbook: Basic Knowledge for Budding Pop-Up Artists and Paper Engineers (original title: Elements of Pop-up , translated by Almuth Heuner). 3rd edition, Jacoby & Stuart , Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-941087-30-9 .
- David A. Carter, James Diaz: You call that art ?! An interactive history of modern sculpture (original title: You Call That Art ?! translated by Edmunth Jacoby). Jacoby & Stuart , Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-942787-31-4 .
Web links
- History of pop-up books on the website of the University of North Texas (English)
- Popups. Book content
Individual evidence
- ↑ From Hilla's toy box - unfolded! Pop up books. In: Museen-in-Bayern.de. Retrieved December 7, 2019 .