revolt

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Police broke up a riot in France on May 1, 1891

A riot is an action by a large number of people against an existing order in the form of rebellion and rioting , especially against the authority of the state . He can express himself in outrage and violent protests, especially against political grievances.

Rebellion generally means 'uprising, indignation', especially 'violent excitement', and has been in High German texts since the middle of the 15th century, and in mnd in the 14th century . uprōr detectable. In the first half of the 16th century came rioters 'rebel, rebel' (end of the 15th century.) And the adjective seditious 'a riot hervorrufend, empörerisch' which derived from rebels and triggers the beginning of the 18th century, the older formations aufrührig and rebelliously . In addition to these, there are isolated testimonies as early as the 16th century. Further, with riot a strong excitation (advised in riot ';, jmdn bring in turmoil.') As well as a strong movement (, commotion of the natural elements'), respectively.

Significance in Germany

In the broadest sense, in the 19th century, any unauthorized and open appearance of several subjects against an existing authority was called a riot. A riot can develop into a revolt or a political uprising . In Brockhaus' Kleines Konversations-Lexikon (fifth edition, Volume 1. Leipzig 1911., p. 121) it says that “if the uprising lasts for a long time, it can turn into indignation or rebellion” and in the German Empire “according to the German Penal Code Prison, against the ringleaders with penitentiary, the military before the enemy threatened with the death penalty ”.

The criminal offense of riot (formerly § 115 RStGB ) was resolved in 1970 in the Federal Republic of Germany with the third criminal law reform law . An uprising was understood to mean a gathering of a numerically not insignificant part of the population in order to wage a violent struggle against state power.

From January 1872 to September 1969, Section 115 of the Criminal Code read:

(1) Anyone who takes part in a public riot in which one of the acts referred to in Sections 113 and 114 is committed with united forces shall not be punished for less than six months for rioting and imprisonment.
(2) The ringleaders , as well as those rebels who commit one of the acts specified in Sections 113 and 114, are punished with penal servitude for up to ten years; police supervision can also identify admissibility. If extenuating circumstances exist, a prison sentence of no less than six months shall apply.

Application in other states

In Spain , nine politicians were sentenced to nine to 13 years in prison for rioting in criminal proceedings following the Catalonia crisis in 2019 .

See also

Web links

Wiktionary: Aufruhr  - Explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations
Commons : riot  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Aufruhr auf duden.de, accessed on August 10, 2011
  2. ↑ Wolfgang Pfeifer : Etymological Dictionary of German , online at DWDS
  3. ↑ Pierer's Universal Lexikon, Volume 1. Altenburg 1857, pp. 939-940, online at zeno.org
  4. ↑ http://www.zeno.org/Brockhaus-1911/A/Aufruhr
  5. ↑ Henning C Ehlers: DTV-Güterversicherungsbedingungen 2000, DTV-Güter 2000, S. 97, online
  6. ^ Criminal Code for the German Empire of May 15, 1871. Special Part, Sixth Section. Resistance to State Power , Section 115 on lexetius.com