Replacement construction

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The interchangeability is a concept of industrial production, according to which any number, at different times, made in different places parts of "A" with any number of well-manufactured parts, "B" without finishing must match.

This concept was first used by Honoré Blanc around 1750 and later (around 1800) in the manufacture of muskets by Eli Whitney . Another previous advocate was Joseph Whitworth . It was originally used in mechanical engineering , but today it forms the basis for large-scale and mass production of all industrial products.

Replacement construction is based on a system of standardized tolerances and fits based on them . These are used in the construction set of products. Precise machines and tools are used to comply with these. In addition, measuring tools and gauges are required with which compliance with the specifications is checked during production and then checked in quality control .

The principle is supported by the use of as many standard parts as possible, also mass-produced, with dimensions that are also tolerated, such as screws, pins, etc. a (machine elements).

Exchange building is the most essential tool that has made division of labor and specialization possible in industry. Without this principle and the associated mass production, the production of complex machines, devices, vehicles and the like would be possible. a. economically not feasible.