Rollbergsiedlung
The Rollbergsiedlung (also called Rollbergviertel ) is a locality in the Berlin district of Neukölln and is bordered by Hermannstrasse in the west , Bornsdorfer Strasse in the east , Rollbergstrasse in the north and Mittelweg in the south . Not to be confused with this is the Rollberg in the Berlin district of Pankow , as well as the Rollberge settlement (Black Forest settlement ) in the Reinickendorfer district of Waidmannslust .
Around 5800 residents from over 30 nations currently live in the settlement, mainly in social housing that was built in a block structure in the late 1960s and 1970s. A quarter of the residents are younger than 18 years old. Of these, children and young people of Turkish origin form the largest group, closely followed by the group of Arab origin. About half of the residents receive transfer income , are accordingly Hartz IV recipients or receive supplementary support for their livelihood. Most of the residents live below the poverty line , child poverty is prevalent. The Rollbergsiedlung has repeatedly been the subject of negative press reports due to various social problems. There is a district management and numerous social projects on site.
history
The Rollbergviertel was - similar to Wedding - a traditional working-class district. From the 1870s, industry and tradesmen settled on the agriculturally unusable rolling hills, for example the Kindl brewery in 1872 , as well as rental housing. A building boom began, in which the most simply furnished tenements with narrow backyards were built. Mostly workers moved in here. This development lasted until the 1970s.
The 1920s represented a heyday of the workers' movement in the quarter, many residents organized themselves in protest movements and parties such as the SPD and the KPD .
On May 1, 1929, the so-called “ Blutmai ”, a gathering of 3,000 workers in the Rollberg district was bloodily suppressed and the police shot into the crowd. The workers then erected barricades , and there were further clashes with the police, in which over 19 people were shot and over 60 injured in Neukölln. Since then, the Rollbergviertel has also been referred to as the “bulls” or “barricades”. The unrest at that time ensured even closer cohesion among the population.
From 1933 to 1945, life in the still communist Rollberg district took place mainly underground. The local situation was hardly destroyed in the Second World War.
The district was not renovated until the 1960s. 78 percent of the apartments did not have their own toilet. The building fabric and the type of development were therefore judged to be unsanitary and inhumane, among other things. In order to remedy this, the so-called “ area renovation ” was decided, as in comparable urban areas , that is, the almost complete demolition of the district. Instead, modern housing should find its way with the requirement for light, air and sun for every apartment. Of the existing 5780 apartments, 5600 were demolished. In their place, mainly multi-storey new buildings were built in different configurations, in part with the removal of the old street grid.
In 1967 the foundation stone was laid for the so-called meander structures in the eastern part of the settlement. For the development of the remaining areas, a competition was announced in 1971, in which sociologists, social psychologists, noise protection experts, town planners and architects participated. The young architects Rainer Oefelein , Bernhard Freund and Reinhard Schmock won.
The residents of the Rollbergviertel had to leave their homes at least temporarily. Not all of them returned after the renovation was completed. Many people of foreign origin moved into the settlement, which was then increasingly seen as a social hotspot . The journalist and author Güner Yasemin Balcı dedicates her articles and books to the youth problems in the Rollbergviertel.
The approximately 2100 social housing belong to the municipal Stadt und Land Wohnbauten-Gesellschaft mbH , which carried out extensive construction and renovation work here from 1987 to 1989. Around 350 apartments are privately owned.
architecture
The area has the architectural and urban character of a large housing estate , but is relatively manageable. The five octagonal buildings between Werbellin-, Hermann- , Kopf- and Morusstraße, built by Rainer Oefelein , Bernhard Freund and Reinhard Schmock between 1976 and 1982, are characteristic. They imitate the traditional Berlin perimeter block development and have green inner courtyards that should offer the residents protection from the aircraft noise of the nearby Tempelhof Airport . Accordingly, all apartments have a room facing the courtyard, and outside balconies were largely dispensed with.
In each building there are around 180 different residential units, which are between 40 and 120 m² in size. The hallways originally ran on two floors around the entire building, so that it could be entered and exited from all four corners. The corners of the buildings are slanted and are in Barcelona remember where in the district of Eixample also all buildings on Eckabschrägungen have. Some of the ground floor rooms were intended as laundromats, but these were not realized.
The street space between the buildings is largely car-free. There are garages below the pedestrian level. The same principle can be found in the high-deck housing estate, which was also built by Rainer Oefelein and Bernhard Freund at the same time in Neukölln.
In order to counteract the social problems of the district on a creative level, the architects replaced the concrete walls that led to the entrances with light, colored railings and created green areas at the end of the 1990s. The surrounding hallways were closed for security reasons.
Institutions
- In the Rollbergviertel there is a primary school (since 2004/2005 state European school for German and French ) and an integrated secondary school .
- There is a district management as well as various social and youth leisure facilities. After the neighborhood management was established in 2002, crime decreased noticeably.
- The police station for northwest Neukölln is located in Rollbergstrasse (section 55).
literature
- Heiko Haberle: Highdecksiedlung and Rollbergviertel - two residential concepts from the 1970s . In: Matthias Seidel, Thorsten Dame (Hrsg.): Weiterbauen 70. Universität der Künste Berlin, Faculty of Design, degree course in architecture, specializing in history, theory and criticism of architecture, seminar documentation for the 2005–2006 academic year, therein pp. 191–217 ( Highdecksiedlung and Rollbergviertel - Two living concepts from the 1970s ( memento from February 6, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ))
Web links
- www.rollberg-quartier.de
- Information about the Rollbergviertel at neukölln-online.de
- Association for the promotion of integration and education in the Rollbergviertel
Individual evidence
- ↑ Development of the Rollbergviertel. Neighborhood Management website; accessed on March 1, 2014
- ↑ Data of the Rollbergviertel. Neighborhood Management website; Retrieved April 30, 2013
- ↑ The dwelling . ( tagesspiegel.de [accessed December 10, 2016]).
- ^ History. In: rollberg-quartier.de. Retrieved December 10, 2016 .
- ↑ Chronicle of STADT UND LAND ( Memento of the original from February 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ History. In: rollberg-quartier.de. Retrieved December 10, 2016 .
- ↑ The dwelling . ( tagesspiegel.de [accessed December 10, 2016]).
- ↑ The dwelling . ( tagesspiegel.de [accessed December 10, 2016]).
- ↑ Hard announcements in the Rollbergviertel . In: Der Tagesspiegel , February 14, 2006
Coordinates: 52 ° 28 ′ 38 " N , 13 ° 25 ′ 56" E