Arabs in Berlin

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Arabs in Berlin form the second largest ethnic minority group in the city after the Turks in Berlin .

number

At the end of June 2019, 150,705 people with an Arab migration background lived in the city, who make up 4.0 percent of the population. Most Berliners with an Arab migration background come from Syria (43,304 people), followed by Lebanon (29,561 people). At the end of June 2019, 53,906 Germans living in Berlin had an Arab migration background, 96,799 Berliners are citizens of a member state of the Arab League . Arabs in Berlin are not a homogeneous group. They come from over 20 countries and live mainly in the districts of (northern) Neukölln , Schöneberg , Moabit , Wedding , Gesundbrunnen and Kreuzberg . Most of the Arabs in Berlin are Muslims . Sunnis form the majority among them , but there are also twelve Shiites . There are also Christians from different churches, followers of smaller religious communities and non-denominationalists .

history

Most of the Arabs in Berlin are war refugees . Most of them came after 1975 during the Lebanese civil war and after Saddam Hussein came to power in Iraq in 1979 as asylum seekers in the Federal Republic of Germany. Entry was mostly illegal via East Berlin ; The refugees received a transit visa for the GDR at Schönefeld Airport and took the S-Bahn to West Berlin , where they applied for asylum. The German authorities did not control the borders due to the special status of Berlin . Persecuted Kurds were also recorded in the statistics as “citizens of Iraq”, so that it is not clear from them how many Arabs fled Iraq.

The largest Arab community in Germany has been located in the West Berlin districts since the 1980s; there are several cultural and mosque associations as well as numerous Arabic restaurants and shops. Many refugees from the conflicts in the Middle East , especially from the Lebanon wars , have Palestinian roots. Because there are a large number of stateless persons among them and the ethnic classification is sometimes unclear (e.g. the Mhallamiye ), all figures are inaccurate.

Further Iraqi and Syrian refugees came to Berlin in the 2000s during the occupation of Iraq and due to the Syrian civil war that has been going on since 2011 and the Iraqi civil war that has been going on since 2014 .

The other Arabs are mostly Moroccans , Algerians , Tunisians and Egyptians by origin .

distribution

Similar to the Turkish community, the Arabs are mainly concentrated in the inner-city quarters of West Berlin .

People with an Arab migration background in the twelve districts

As of June 30, 2019
rank district number proportion of
1 Neukölln 23,084 7.0%
2 center 26,555 6.9%
3 Spandau 12,031 4.9%
4th Tempelhof-Schöneberg 15,684 4.5%
5 Reinickendorf 11,351 4.3%
6th Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg 11,841 4.1%
7th Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf 13,705 4.0%
8th Lichtenberg 10.198 3.5%
9 Steglitz-Zehlendorf 7,738 2.5%
10 Treptow-Koepenick 5,565 2.1%
11 Marzahn-Hellersdorf 5,386 2.0%
12 Pankow 7,567 1.9%

In the case of Neukölln , around 80 percent of people with an Arab migration background live in the (northern) Neukölln district of the same name , where they make up around 10 percent of the total population.

In the case of Mitte , most people with an Arab migration background live in the districts of Moabit , Wedding and Gesundbrunnen , which are part of the Mitte district , and only a few in the eponymous district of Mitte , which belonged to East Berlin until the reunification of Germany .

crime

According to investigative authorities, there are problems in Berlin with large criminal Arab families such as the Abou-Chaker , Al-Zain and Remmo clan . Members of the clans, as intense perpetrators , engage in protection racket , drug and illegal drug trafficking . These clan members also commit fraud , abuse of services , robbery or car and shoplifting , trespassing , dangerous interference in road traffic , serious gang theft as well as violent and bodily harm offenses .   

In 2019, there were 383 police operations against clan crime in Berlin alone, meaning at least one operation a day on average. In total, almost a thousand criminal charges and more than 5900 reports of administrative offenses were filed . More than 700 objects were checked in 2019, including more than 300 cafes and bars, almost 200 shisha bars as well as betting shops, arcades, barber shops and jewelers. In 2019, almost 35,000 euros were confiscated from drug stores, around 970 sales units of narcotics, more than 30,000 untaxed cigarettes, around 550 kilos of untaxed hookah tobacco, 104 weapons as well as 123 cars and two motorcycles.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Residents in the State of Berlin on June 30, 2019. In: statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de , p. 17, (PDF).
  2. ↑ Residents in the State of Berlin on June 30, 2019. In: statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de , p. 13, (PDF).
  3. ↑ Residents in the state of Berlin on June 30, 2019. In: statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de , p. 15, (PDF).
  4. ↑ Ralph Ghadban , The Lebanon Refugees in Berlin , Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-86093-293-4 , reprint 2008, pp. 76-78.
  5. ↑ a b Ralph Ghadban, The Lebanon Refugees in Berlin , Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-86093-293-4 , reprint 2008, pp. 69f., 86–95, 243.
  6. ↑ Carola Bluhm : The difficult path of Palestinian refugees into Berlin society. ( Memento from August 26, 2014 in the Internet Archive ). In: Berlin International. The integration officer’s newsletter , November 2010, No. 74, (PDF; 726 kB), pp. 7–8.
  7. ^ Thomas Heise, Claas Meyer-Heuer: Arab Clans in Berlin. In: Spiegel TV , December 11, 2016, video, 53:20 min.
  8. ↑ Thomas Heise, Claas Meyer-Heuer: Interior views of a large Arab family. The Rammo family is one of the most powerful large Arab families in Berlin. ( Memento from September 21, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) In: Spiegel TV , September 17, 2018, video, 27:33 min.
  9. ^ Thomas Heise, Claas Meyer-Heuer: The real estate business of Arab clans. In: Spiegel TV , September 24, 2018, video, 27:34 min.
  10. ↑ Nora Gantenbrink, Andreas Mönnich, Uli Rauss, Hannes Roß, Oliver Schröm , Walter Wüllenweber : Bushido and the Mafia. ( Memento from June 26, 2015 in the Internet Archive ). In: Stern / henri-nannen-preis.de , October 10, 2013, No. 42, (PDF; 11 p., 1.5 MB); Article announcement in stern.de .
  11. ↑ a b c d DER SPIEGEL: Almost 400 police operations in Berlin against clan crime - DER SPIEGEL - Panorama. Retrieved May 25, 2020 .