Refugees from the Syrian Civil War

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Refugees from the Syrian Civil War
Total:

5,652,186 refugees (December 2018)

6,130,000–6,320,000 refugees
(UN estimate, March 2016)

Regions with a significant number of Syrian asylum seekers
TurkeyTurkey Turkey 3,424,237 (December 2017)
LebanonLebanon Lebanon 2,200,000 (estimated arrivals, December 2015)

1,011,366 (registered December 2016)

JordanJordan Jordan 1,265,000 (November 2015)

659,246 (registered May 2017)

GermanyGermany Germany 600,000 (2014-2016)

494,227 (March 2017)

Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia Saudi Arabia 500,000 (2016)
United Arab EmiratesUnited Arab Emirates UAE 242,000 (2015)
IraqIraq Iraq 230,836 (registered)
KuwaitKuwait Kuwait 155,000+ (June 2015)
EgyptEgypt Egypt 126,688 (December 2017)
SwedenSweden Sweden 111,216 (March 2017)
HungaryHungary Hungary 76,886 (March 2017)
CanadaCanada Canada 40,081 (March 2017)
CroatiaCroatia Croatia 55,000 (estimated September 2015)

690 (March 2017)

GreeceGreece Greece 54,574 (estimated May 2016)

12,138 (March 2017)

AlgeriaAlgeria Algeria 43,000 (estimated November 2015)

5,721 (registered November 2015)

Refugees from the Syrian civil war or Syrian refugees are or were in Syria sedentary people who leave their country due to the civil war in Syria had to leave and in another country of asylum seek.

history

2011

Number of refugees from the different regions (June 2012)

In Syria, after the first protest calls in February 2011, numerous opposition members were arrested. In the weeks that followed, several thousand people demonstrated for political freedoms and the overthrow of President Bashar al-Assad's government . Security forces have been using violence against demonstrators since mid-March 2011. Turkey set up small refugee camps and prepared for a wave of refugees after 300 Syrians had come to Turkey by May 2011. Over 700 people fled Tell Kalach to Lebanon and 1,350 people came to Wadi Khaled.

A refugee camp in Turkey 80 km from Aleppo (September 2012)

By July, over 15,000 Syrians had come to Turkey, 5,000 of whom were returning. By the end of August, 2,600 refugees had been registered in Lebanon, with several thousand illegals in the country. In September the number of refugees in Wadi Khaled fell from 5,500 to 2,500. In early September Turkey built six refugee shelters for 15,000 refugees, 11,000 of whom were returning to Syria. In November the number rose to 7,200 and 5,000 in Lebanon. As of December, 1,500 refugees were registered in Jordan, with probably several thousand illegally residing in the country.

2012

In January Lebanon announced that there were over 5,000 refugees and Turkey 9,700 in the country. Israel was preparing for Alawite refugees from the Golan Heights . After the Battle of Homs on the Lebanese border, 2,200 people fled to Lebanon and several hundred to Turkey. The United Nations registered 13,500 people in Hatay Province and several thousand in other provinces. The Turkish government estimated that up to 50,000 Syrians could enter the country and began setting up refugee camps in Hatay , Kilis , Gaziantep and Şanlıurfa . The government of Jordan counted 80,000 people in the country and 5,000 in schools. Over 1,000 Kurds fled to the Domiz Camp in Iraq , where they were offered protection. Ethnic Kurds were offered military training to protect Kurds in Syria .

Syrian refugees in Lebanon (September 2012)

The April offensive by the Syrian Army a few days before the Kofi Annan peace treaty resulted in a renewed flow of refugees to Turkey. In early April, 5,000 people came to Turkey, bringing the number of refugees in Turkey to 25,000. Turkey asked Syria to keep the ceasefire and for international aid. Over 130,000 Syrians were in Jordan and over 200,000 were internally displaced. Over 3,000 Kurds were registered by UNHCR in Iraq and 50–70 reached the refugee camps every day. Syrian refugees were given political asylum in Colombia .

In June, most of the refugees were living in the cities of Irbid , Mafraq, Gerasa and Ajloun in northern Jordan. The UNHCR registered 17,000 people in Lebanon and 26,000 elsewhere. Most of the refugees were women and children. In early July, 19,000 Syrians fled to Lebanon after violence escalated in Damascus . At the beginning of July, over 28,000 refugees were registered in Lebanon and over 43,000 refugees in Turkey. 124 refugees came to Italy in August, the first in Europe . The number of refugees exceeded 200,000. By December, the number rose to over 750,000.

Syrian refugees cross the Slovenian border (October 2015)

2013

The civilian population suffered from food shortages and violence. Up to 6,000 people left Syria every day, resulting in refugee camps becoming overcrowded.

More and more women and children were victims of sexual assault. The first Christian refugees came to the United States . In August the number of refugees in Bulgaria rose massively. Refugee camps in the country were overcrowded and the Bulgarian government asked the Red Cross and the European Union for help. Several thousand people fled to Iraq and Italy. In September Sweden became the first EU member to guarantee permanent residence and family reunification if the situation in Syria worsened. In September Argentina took in 300 families and Brazil became the first American country to issue humanitarian visas . By December over 100,000 people had died and 1.5 million were on the run.

Refugee children in a hospital in northern Jordan

2014

UNHCR camp for Syrian refugees in northern Iraq

The deteriorating human rights situation in Iraq led many Iraqis to flee to northern Syria. In August 2014, 6.5 million Syrians were internally displaced and more than three million on the run. For the first time since World War II , there were more than 50 million refugees worldwide due to the civil war in Syria. Over a million refugees have been registered by the UNHCR. Uruguay began accepting refugees in August . The increasing violence in Iraq and Syria by the Islamic State led to a renewed flow of refugees.

2015

In 2015, more than a million people tried to immigrate to the EU via the Mediterranean . 848,000 arrived in Greece, 153,000 refugees ended up in Italy. About half of the refugees came from Syria. The number of Syrian refugees worldwide exceeded 4,000,000. The media claimed that Saudi Arabia and other wealthy countries in the Middle East were not accepting refugees. According to its own controversial statements, Saudi Arabia took in 100,000 - 2.5 million refugees.

After Alan Kurdi's death in September, the picture of the refugee crisis changed worldwide. The death of the three-year-old caused an international sensation and the interest of the civilian population in the refugees increased. In October, the UNHCHR accused the Czech Republic of keeping migrants like in prisons. By the end of 2015, over a million refugees had come to Europe, 20% of them from Syria.

2016

In February Austria announced that it would only allow a certain number of refugees into the country. Slovenia , Croatia , Macedonia and Serbia only allowed 580 refugees to cross the border each day, which resulted in many refugees being “stranded” in Greece .

Amnesty International reported that Turkish border police shot at Syrian refugees and that Turkey had forcibly deported several thousand refugees. A few days later, Human Rights Watch reported that Turkish border police shot and beat Syrians, resulting in serious injuries and deaths. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan denied the allegations. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights and the National Coalition of Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces reported that on the night of June 18, Turkish border police shot and killed several Syrians trying to cross the border. The Turkish foreign minister denied the allegations.

After the attempted coup in Turkey in 2016 , the number of refugees who wanted to come to Western Europe via the Aegean Sea rose rapidly.

2017

At the beginning of January, the Syrian Foreign Minister Walid al-Muallim invited the refugees in Syria's neighboring states to come back home. The country is prepared and will offer the people a decent life, the Syrian Arab News Agency reported after Walid met with Filippo Grandi in Damascus.

On January 27, Donald Trump signed the “ Travel Ban ”, which banned citizens from seven Muslim- majority countries from entering the USA for 90 days, refugees for 120 days and refugees from Syria. Two days before the decree was signed, Trump announced his plan to establish security zones in Syria where people could live and that European states made a "big mistake in accepting millions of refugees from the Middle East ."

International reactions

The UN Refugee Agency, or UNHCR for short , registers refugees on site in Syria's neighboring countries. UNHCR also operates refugee camps in the region and provides material support to refugees, for example with clothing or vouchers.

Financial support

By December 2015, around $ 17 billion had been spent worldwide. Eight billion of this came from Turkey, around 4.5 billion from the USA and just under two billion from the EU.

Refugee camp

Effects

human trafficking

The outbreak of the Syrian civil war led to the emergence of a “Mediterranean Mafia”. Several thousand people try to pass through to Europe every day. They are helped by people smugglers who have turned the suffering of war victims into a flourishing business. Tugs sometimes charge up to 20,000 euros for a transfer to Europe. This mostly leads across the Mediterranean and the Balkans, but also through Italy.

Integration and relocation

America

ArgentinaArgentina Argentina - In September 2013, Argentina decided to take in several thousand refugees. In August 2013 there were already 300 families in Argentina. Because of the critical situation in Syria, it was decided to take in up to 3,000 refugees.

BrazilBrazil Brazil - Brazil was the first country in America to issue visas for Syrian refugees. The Brazilian embassies in Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan and Iraq are responsible for issuing visas. In November 2015 there were 3,000 Syrians in Brazil.

CanadaCanada Canada -

“Refugees Welcome” sign

United StatesUnited States United States - In August 2016, the US reached its target of accepting 10,000 refugees. The terrorist attacks on November 13, 2015 in Paris resulted in 31 governors trying to stop the admission of Syrian refugees. The governors' “protests” were unsuccessful.

As of December 2015, the US government had spent $ 4.5 billion on refugees.

After his election in November 2016, Donald Trump promised to deport Syrian refugees who were already in the country. During Donald Trump's 2015/16 presidential election campaign , he announced that he would deport Syrians and denounced them as terrorists. On January 27, 2017, Donald Trump signed Executive Order 13769 , often referred to as the Muslim Ban , Travel Ban or Immigration ban . The decree banned citizens from seven Muslim- majority states from entering the USA for 90 days, refugees 120 days and refugees from Syria . Executive Order 13780 followed in March, removing Iraq from the list. Both decrees were blocked by judges in the United States. The United States Supreme Court ruled in December 2017 that the decree was not unconstitutional.

Asia

Korea SouthSouth Korea South Korea - South Korea refuses to accept refugees. Since 1994 only 918 people sought asylum in South Korea. Before the civil war broke out, there were only three asylum seekers.

Australia and Oceania

AustraliaAustralia Australia - In September 2015, Australia announced that it would accept 12,000 refugees. In February 2016, 26 asylum seekers had arrived, and in September 2016 3532 and 3146 visas had already been issued. Another 6,293 people completed medical examinations and safety clearances.

New ZealandNew Zealand New Zealand - New Zealand accepted 83 refugees through September 2015. In early 2016, New Zealand offered Australia to take in unwanted refugeeswho had been housedon Nauru .

Europe

Italic - no EU member state.
Bold - EU member state

AlbaniaAlbania Albania - After the actual closure of the Balkan route, the Albanian government stepped upthe guarding of the border with Greece. Greek authorities set up tented villages on the Albanian border (south of the border crossings Kapshtica , Kakavija and Qafë-Bota) and brought 1,500 refugees from Idomeni there.

Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina - Hungary closed the border with Serbia inSeptember 2015. As a result, the Bosnian government estimated that 10,000–20,000 refugees from Serbia could enter the country.

BulgariaBulgaria Bulgaria - In 2014, 11,080 asylum applications were made in Bulgaria, of which 56% were from people with Syrian citizenship . In the same year, 5,162 applicants received refugee status and 1,838 people received subsidiary protection.

GermanyGermany Germany - In 2013 Syrians submitted 11,851 asylum applications in Germany, in 2014 the number was 39,332. Thomas de Maizière estimated in March 2015 that around 105,000 Syrians had been taken in by Germany. In June 2015, 161,435 Syrians were living in Germany, 136,835 of them came after the outbreak of war in 2011. Between January and July 2015, the BAMF received 42,100 asylum applications. 158,657 asylum applications had been submitted by the end of 2015. 96% were accepted. Thousands of German Syrians who arrived in September 2015 applaudedat Munich Central Station .

FranceFrance France - In November 2015,despite the terrorist attacks in Paris , François Hollande announced that he would take in 30,000 Syrians within two years.

IcelandIceland Iceland - Iceland only wants to accept 50 refugees.

SerbiaSerbia Serbia - Serbia accepts refugees who are in transit to Western Europe. In August 2015, Aleksandar Vučić said that Serbia would do everything possible to give these people a better life. He compared Syrians with Serbs and Croats who “had to leave their home 20 years ago”.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Syria Regional Refugee Response . In: United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) . January 2, 2018. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  2. ↑ Life and death in Syria - Five years into war, what is left of the country? ( English ) In: BBC . March 15, 2016. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  3. ^ A b Syria Regional Refugee Response Turkey . In: UNHCR . December 28, 2017. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
  4. ^ The Jordan Times: Population stands at around 9.5 million, including 2.9 million guests . January 3, 2016. Retrieved May 1, 2017.
  5. ^ UNHCR: Jordan: Syria Regional Refugee Response . May 1, 2017. Retrieved May 4, 2017.
  6. ↑ Syrian refugees . Retrieved May 4, 2017.
  7. ↑ a b c d e UNHCR: Europe: Syrian Asylum Applications . Retrieved May 13, 2017.
  8. ↑ Western Media's miscount of Saudi Arabia's Syrian Refugees . Retrieved May 4, 2017.
  9. ↑ UAE home to 242,000 Syrians . September 10, 2015. Retrieved May 4, 2017.
  10. ^ Kuwait extends residency permits for Syrians . September 2, 2015. Archived from the original on June 28, 2017. Retrieved on May 4, 2017.
  11. ^ UNHCR: Egypt: Syria Regional Refugee Response . December 31, 2017. Accessed January 21, 2018.
  12. ↑ Government of Canada: #WelcomeRefugees: Key figures . Retrieved May 13, 2017.
  13. ^ The Telegraph: Refugee crisis: Many migrants falsely claim to be Syrians, Germany says as EU tries to ease tensions . September 25, 2015. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
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  15. ↑ UNHCR: Algeria . Retrieved May 13, 2017.
  16. ↑ Cajsa Wikstrom: Calls for weekend protests in Syria ( English ) In: Al Jazeera . February 4, 2011. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
  17. ↑ Tagesschau: Dead and injured in demonstrations in Syria . March 19, 2011. Archived from the original on March 20, 2011. Retrieved on May 13, 2017.
  18. ^ Süddeutsche Zeitung: This is how the civil war began . March 12, 2015. Retrieved May 25, 2017.
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  22. ↑ CBS News: Syria crackdown has killed 5,000 people, UN says . December 13, 2011. Retrieved May 25, 2017.
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  68. ^ The Guardian: Uruguayan resettlement scheme offers Syrian refugees a lifeline . August 27, 2014. Retrieved May 25, 2017.
  69. ^ Ostsee-Zeitung: More than a million refugees crossed the Mediterranean . December 30, 2015. Retrieved May 14, 2017.
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  72. ↑ Bloomberg: Syria's Refugees Feel More Welcome in Europe Than in the Gulf . September 4, 2015. Accessed May 14, 2017.
  73. ^ Al Jazeera: Saudi Arabia denies not giving Syrians sanctuary . September 13, 2015. Accessed May 14, 2017.
  74. ↑ Arab News: 2.5m Syrians hosted by KSA since uprising . September 12, 2015. Accessed May 14, 2017.
  75. ↑ The Independent: If these extraordinarily powerful images of a dead Syrian child washed up on a beach don't change Europe's attitude to refugees, what will? . September 2, 2015. Accessed May 14, 2017.
  76. ↑ Global News: Alan Kurdi's father was working as a human smuggler claims fellow refugee . September 11, 2015. Accessed May 14, 2017.
  77. ↑ BBC: Canada denies Alan Kurdi's family applied for asylum . September 3, 2015. Accessed May 14, 2017.
  78. ^ Macleans: Inside the tragedy that woke up the world . September 13, 2015. Accessed May 14, 2017.
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  83. ↑ RT: Turkish border guards shooting Syrian refugees 'daily' - Amnesty Intl . March 8, 2016. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
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  93. ↑ CNBC: Trump says he will 'absolutely do safe zones' in Syria . January 25, 2017. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
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  131. ^ Matthias Meisner: War refugees from Syria: Left and Greens warn of isolation . March 30, 2015. Retrieved May 7, 2017.
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  135. ↑ Chicago Tribune: Rick Noack: Over a million refugees and migrants arrived in Europe this year. Here is what you need to know. . December 22, 2015. Retrieved May 7, 2017.
  136. ↑ The Washington Post: Ishaan Tharoor: EFrance says it will take 30,000 Syrian refugees, while US Republicans would turn them away . November 15, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2017.
  137. ↑ CBC News, Arman Aghbali: Icelanders offer up homes to Syrian refugees . September 3, 2015. Retrieved May 5, 2017.
  138. ↑ The Conversation: By welcoming Syrian refugees, Serbs hope to salvage their reputation . September 29, 2015. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
  139. ↑ Business Insider: Katarina Subasic, AFP: Recalling their own war, Belgraders embrace Syrian refugees . August 25, 2015. Retrieved May 6, 2017.