Gaziantep

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Gaziantep
Gaziantep Coat of Arms
Gaziantep (Turkey)
Red pog.svg
Gaziantep view over.jpg
View over the city
Basic data
Province (il) : Gaziantep
Coordinates : 37 ° 4 '  N , 37 ° 23'  E Coordinates: 37 ° 4 '1 "  N , 37 ° 23' 19"  E
Height : 850  m
Surface: 6,222 km²
Residents : 2,069,364 (2019)
Population density : 333 inhabitants per km²
Telephone code : (+90) 342
Postal code : 27000
License plate : 27
Structure and administration (as of 2019)
Mayor : Fatma Şahin ( AKP )
Website:
Template: Infobox Location in Turkey / Maintenance / District Without Inhabitants Or Area

Gaziantep ( Arabic عينتاب, DMG ʿAyintāb orعنتاب / ʿAntāb , Armenian Այնթա Aynt'ap , Kurdish Entep or Dîlok ), also known as Antep for short , is a city in southeastern Anatolia and the capital of the province of the same name . With around 2.06 million inhabitants (as of 2019) it is the sixth largest city in Turkey . Besides Turks and Kurds, Arabs also live in Gaziantep.

Surname

The name Gaziantep consists of two parts: Gazi , which means "fighter", and Antep . Gazi was not added to the name until 1921, at the time of the Turkish War of Liberation, by resolution of the National Assembly, after the residents rose up against the French military occupation , which had replaced the previous British one established in 1918. Nevertheless, the city is still called Antep for short by many residents, and one also hears Ayintap or Aintab ( Arabic عينتاب). In Kurdish the city is called Entep or Dîlok .

Climate table

Gaziantep, Oğuzeli (700 m)
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.
 
 
93
 
8th
0
 
 
87
 
10
0
 
 
71
 
14th
3
 
 
49
 
20th
8th
 
 
30th
 
26th
12
 
 
6.7
 
32
17th
 
 
3
 
36
21st
 
 
3.3
 
36
21st
 
 
8.3
 
32
17th
 
 
41
 
25th
11
 
 
74
 
16
5
 
 
92
 
10
1
Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm
Source:
Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Gaziantep, Oğuzeli (700 m)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 8.3 9.6 14.4 20.1 25.8 31.6 35.7 35.7 31.5 24.5 16.0 10.2 O 22nd
Min. Temperature (° C) -0.2 0.1 3.4 7.7 12.2 17.3 21.3 21.2 16.6 10.8 4.8 1.3 O 9.8
Temperature (° C) 3.6 4.4 8.5 13.6 18.8 24.3 28.1 27.7 23.1 16.6 9.4 5.1 O 15.3
Precipitation ( mm ) 92.9 87.2 70.9 49.1 29.5 6.7 3.0 3.3 8.3 41.3 74.0 92.0 Σ 558.2
Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 3.7 4.4 5.4 6.7 8.2 9.8 10.1 9.7 8.6 6.9 5.2 3.7 O 6.9
Rainy days ( d ) 11.9 12.3 11.8 10.5 7.0 2.1 0.7 0.4 1.9 6.5 9.3 11.6 Σ 86
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
8.3
-0.2
9.6
0.1
14.4
3.4
20.1
7.7
25.8
12.2
31.6
17.3
35.7
21.3
35.7
21.2
31.5
16.6
24.5
10.8
16.0
4.8
10.2
1.3
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		92.9
87.2
70.9
49.1
29.5
6.7
3.0
3.3
8.3
41.3
74.0
92.0
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source:

history

Gaziantep Fortress in the city center
Former Armenian Petrus Church; 18./19. Century

The area of ​​today's city was long disputed between the Hittites and Assyrians in ancient times and came to power through King Sargon II (721–705 BC). Some scholars suggest that Gaziantep corresponds to or was located near the ancient Seleucid city ​​of Antioch ad Taurum . Ten kilometers north of Gaziantep was the city of Doliche ( Turkish Dülük), which was the starting point of the cult of Iupiter Dolichenus in the Roman Empire , which spread with soldiers from here to far into Central Europe, as many stone inscriptions attest. German archaeologists and ancient historians have researched its sanctuary on the summit of the Dülük Baba Tepesi hill . In 2010, the floor plans of a sprawling building that could belong to this temple were found.

Doliche's heyday ended in the 3rd century AD when the Sassanids sacked the sanctuary. Antep was still behind Doliche until the year 637, when the Arabs advanced here, who ended the Eastern Roman rule and conquered Doliche, which then slowly lost its importance. After their invasion of Eastern Anatolia, the Turkish Seljuks , who had defeated the army of Emperor Romanos IV Diogenes (1068-1071) in the Battle of Manzikert on August 26, 1071, took possession of this area. At that time the fortress was built on the city hill of Antep.

As part of the Crusades , Antep came to the western knights in 1098 and has belonged to the Principality of Antioch ever since . In 1183 Sultan Saladin conquered the city. After his death in early March 1193, rule in this area was disputed, among others between Mamluks and Mongols . At times Antep belonged to the Beylik of the Dulkadir . In 1514 the Turkish Sultan Selim I (1512–1520) conquered Southeast Anatolia and with it Antep. Since then the city has belonged to the Ottoman Empire ; between 1832 and 1840 it was occupied by the troops of the Egyptian governor Muhammad Ali Pasha . At the end of the First World War , British units occupied the region in 1918; they were followed by the French until they were expelled by Sahin Bey in 1921. With the Treaty of Lausanne on July 24, 1923, what was now Gaziantep became part of the Republic of Turkey.

In the suicide attack in Gaziantep on August 20, 2016 , 50 people were killed and around 100 others injured during a Kurdish wedding ceremony.

administration

As one of 30 major cities in Turkey, Gaziantep has a Lord Mayor (in Turkish Büyükşehir Belediye Başkanı ). The immediate vicinity of the city is divided into two areas, the districts of Şahinbey and Şehitkamil .

economy

Gaziantep is the headquarters of Çimko , one of the major building materials and cement manufacturers in Turkey. Cimko is part of Sanko Holding , a conglomerate whose dominant Konukoğlu family comes from the textile industry.

Attractions

Armenian Church of Our Lady, now a mosque, historical photograph

In the center of the city, the citadel from the Seljuk era is located on the central hill, which had fortifications in ancient times. There is also a permanent exhibition here, which documents the official Turkish reading of the Armenian genocide of 1915, according to which Armenians attacked the Turkish population and were defeated. The Archaeological Museum shows finds from the area around the city, from Zincirli , Yesemek , Arsameia am Nymphaios and a few others. The large collection of Roman mosaics from the lost town of Zeugma on the central Euphrates has been relocated to the Zeugma Mosaic Museum , which was opened in 2011 and is probably the world's largest mosaic museum. Although the Gaziantep Great Synagogue was restored in 2012, the local Jews of Gaziantep left the city in the late 1970s. The Kurtuluş Mosque in 1892 as Armenian Apostolic built Our Lady Church and after the genocide converted into a mosque of Armenians in a prison, and after 1980th

kitchen

lahmacun
Baklava

Gaziantep's cuisine has been recognized by UNESCO. Among the main dishes include various kebabs and Köftevariationen (z. B. ICLI kofte , Patlıcan Kebabı , Soğan Kebabı , lahmacun ).

The pistachio is an important component of many desserts . The baklava from Gaziantep is registered as Gaziantep Baklavası by the EU as a geographically protected designation of origin.

traffic

Gaziantep is located on a section of the Baghdad Railway that was added after Turkey was founded in order to bypass the section of the route now in Syria .

Two Pt railcars in the tram depot (2007)

The city has set up a light rail system for its public transport . 2009 17 former were Düwag underground and tram - railcars from the type Pt been purchased, which in Frankfurt were no longer used since April of 2007. They were transported to Gaziantep by rail and modernized. In 2011 the tram line, which runs from the university to the train station and is around 13 kilometers long, opened.

In mid-February 2010, passenger traffic on the railway line to Mosul ( Iraq ) was reopened. The 18-hour journey across Syria took place once a week. However, the connection was closed again shortly after commissioning due to lack of interest. A S-Bahn line was planned and should go into operation in 2013.

The Gaziantep Airport is situated about 20 km outside the city. Airlines such as Turkish Airlines and Pegasus Airlines mostly fly to national destinations in Turkey. Destinations in Germany are also served seasonally, such as B. Berlin-Tegel Airport or Düsseldorf Airport .

education

Gaziantep is home to the Gaziantep State University ( Turkish Gaziantep Üniversitesi ) and three private universities ( Zirve , Hasan Kalyoncu and Sanko ).

Town twinning

After the house fire in Ludwigshafen am Rhein , which killed a total of nine people of Turkish origin in February 2008 , the city administration in Gaziantep announced its intention to enter into a partnership with the German city. The initiative came from Asım Güzelbey, the Lord Mayor of Gazianteps, and she was welcomed by Ludwigshafen Mayor Eva Lohse . All victims from Ludwigshafen had previously been transferred from Germany to Turkey and buried in Gaziantep. On February 2, 2009, a commemoration was held at which the town twinning was announced. It was then closed in 2012.

gallery

  • Neustadt

  • Back road

  • Bigger street

  • Alaüddevle Mosque

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities who have worked on site

literature

Web links

Commons : Gaziantep  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ nufusu.com , accessed February 13, 2020
  2. ↑ State Meteorological Office of the Turkish Republic, normal period 1981–2010
  3. ^ The excavation on the Dülük Baba Tepesi , Asia Minor research center at the University of Münster , accessed February 1, 2011
  4. ↑ Gaziantep, Turkey: 30 dead and almost 100 injured in attack in Turkey rp-online.de
  5. ↑ http://en.unesco.org/creative-cities/events/47-cities-join-unesco-creative-cities-network
  6. ↑ Publication of an application for registration in accordance with Article 50 (2) (a) of Regulation (EU) No. 1151/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council on quality regulations for agricultural products and food (PDF), accessed on December 20, 2013
  7. ↑ See here
  8. ^ Eisenbahn-Revue International 5/2009, p. 213
  9. ↑ 18 saatte trenle Musul'a , article in Radikal of February 17, 2010
  10. ↑ Berlin Airports present the 2016 summer flight schedule. In: Press release Flughafen Berlin Brandenburg GmbH . Airport headquarters, March 18, 2016, accessed on July 19, 2016 .
  11. ^ City administration Duisburg: town partnership with Gaziantep, Turkey ( Memento from April 6, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
  12. ^ Website Karlstad
  13. ^ Twin town Gaziantep on Ludwigshafen.de.Retrieved on August 1, 2020
  14. ↑ Gaziantep wants a city partnership ( Memento from February 27, 2008 in the Internet Archive )