Austfonna
| Austfonna | ||
|---|---|---|
 Northeast Country |
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| location | Northeast Country , Svalbard | |
| Type | icecap | |
| surface | 8120 km² | |
| Altitude range | 783 m - 0 m | |
| Ice thickness | ⌀ 235 m; Max. 560 m | |
| Ice volume | 1900 km³ | |
| Coordinates | 79 ° 47 ′ N , 24 ° 40 ′ E | |
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The Austfonna ( German Ostferner or Ostgletscher ) in Spitzbergen is with 8,120 km² (together with Vegafonna 8,492 km²) the largest glacier in Europe and with a volume of 1,900 km³ (without Vegafonna) the glacier with the second largest volume in Europe (after Vatnajökull , without consideration the ice cap of the north island of Novaya Zemlya , Russia , in the extreme northeast of Europe).
geography
The glacier is located on the island of Nordostland ( Norwegian Nordaustlandet ), which is the second largest of the Svalbard archipelago, and thus belongs to Norway. The ice cover is on average 235 meters and a maximum of 560 meters thick and reaches a height of 783 meters. The circumference of the ice cap is 200 km. The southern third of the Austfonna is sometimes called Sørfonna (South Ferner). It is separated from the main part of the Austfonna by a long, ice-filled depression and has its own crest. Sørfonna is part of the larger Palanderisen , the southern part of the Austfonna.
Vegafonna forms a continuous ice surface with the actual Austfonna, but is a separate knoll in the extreme southwest, delimited by the Erica Valley . Immediately west of, and commonly considered part of, Vegafonna is the Glittne Ice Cap.
Vestfonna (Westferner), on the other hand, is a separate glacier only a few kilometers to the northwest, and at 2,445 km² it is the third largest glacier in Norway.
Web links
- Andreas Kellerer-Pirklbauer, Janik Deutscher: Spitzbergen - Glaciers and Permafrost in the European Arctic - Part 1 . In: Grazer Geographischen Mitteilungen , Graz, issue 36, March 2005
- Austfonna . In: The Place Names of Svalbard (first edition 1942). Norsk Polarinstitutt , Oslo 2001, ISBN 82-90307-82-9 (English, Norwegian).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Vivienne Raper, Jonathan Bamber, William Krabill: Interpretation of the anomalous growth of Austfonna, Svalbard, a large Arctic ice cap (PDF; 244 kB). In: Annals of Glaciology 42, 2005, pp. 373–379 (English)
- ↑ M. Sharp et al .: Mountain Glaciers and Ice Caps (PDF; 26.1 MB). In: AMAP, 2011. Snow, Water, Ice and Permafrost in the Arctic (SWIPA) . Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program (AMAP), Oslo. 7-1 - 7-61 (English)
- ↑ Robert P. Sharp: Glaciers in the Arctic (PDF; 4.9 MB). In: Arctic 9, 1956, pp. 78–117 (English)
- ↑ Sørfonna . In: The Place Names of Svalbard (first edition 1942). Norsk Polarinstitutt , Oslo 2001, ISBN 82-90307-82-9 (English, Norwegian).
- ↑ Bjørn Fossli Johansen, Øystein Overrein, Winfried Dallmann: Nordaustlandets geologi og landskap , Norsk Polarinstitutt (Norwegian)
- ↑ Statistisk årbok 2008: Oversikt over geografiske forhold