Austråttborgen
Austråttborgen ( German Austrått castle ) or Austrått (in the Middle Ages Østråt , also Østraat and Austråt ) in the municipality of Ørland in Trøndelag at the mouth of the Trondheimfjord is one of the most famous mansions of the Middle Ages in Trøndelag. It was the seat of powerful families of chiefs of the Middle Ages.
Buildings
The medieval buildings were made of wood. Only the church was made of stone at the beginning of the 13th century. It was the private chapel for the owner and had a large tower that was also suitable for defense. In the palace complex, which Ove Bjelke had built in 1654–1656, the tower was connected to the main building by walls and ancillary buildings, so that a square building complex was created that enclosed a lower and upper courtyard. The main portal, which was framed by a soapstone frame with the owners' coats of arms carved into it, was particularly striking. A covered gallery with wooden caryatids ( the wise and the foolish virgins ) and Old Testament figures led around the lower courtyard . There was also a staircase and a loggia in the middle of the main building. A knight's hall was built into the old church. It had richly carved baroque oak doors and a marble fireplace. The chapel was under the knight's hall. In addition to the medieval wooden figures, the rich newer baroque inventory was also located there.
A lightning strike in the autumn of 1916 ignited a fire that destroyed a large part of the main building. But much of the church furnishings could be saved. Restoration work began in 1920. In 1922 the main building was restored and in 1927 the outbuildings were also finished. After the Second World War, the facility was finally completed and ceremonially handed over to the state in 1961. It has been a listed building since 1923.
Ownership
In the first half of the 11th century, the manor belonged to the feudal man Finn Arnesson. In the 12th century it was owned by Åsulv Eriksson, one of the men who murdered Duke Skule Bårdsson . Around 1400 Elsebe Ottesdatter owned the manor from the Rømer family , who was married to Jakob Fastulvsen. Her granddaughter Gertrud Narvesdatter transferred the estate to her stepfather Henrik Jensen from the Gyldenløve family. Gertrud's cousin Otte Madsson (Rømer) followed in ownership. His daughter Ingerd Ottesdotter inherited the estate from him . She was the daughter-in-law of the previous owner Henrik Jensson Reichshofmeister Nils Henriksson , also a Gyldenløve. Their daughter Lucie was married to Jens Tillufsøn Bjelke. Their grandson, Chancellor Jens Ågesøn Bjelke, owned the largest property in Norway in the 17th century. He called himself “zu Austrått” because he regarded this manor as the most important part of his property. At the time of its ownership, Austrått comprised almost 100 farms, almost all of the land in the parish of Ørland. He also owned the manors Storfosen and Tønnøl, which remained associated with Austrått for a long time. His son Ove Bjelke built a magnificent fortress-like castle on Austrått in 1654–1656.
Austrått had many privileges as a manor, which were abolished in 1719 but reassigned in 1781. In 1760 the councilor Hans Holtermann acquired the manor. He stayed in his family until 1873. In 1883 the lawyer Johannes Heftye bought the property, who had all the later auxiliary buildings torn down. Austrått Castle has been owned by the state since 1918, while the property and the former agricultural land with the nearby farm as Austråttgården belong to the municipality of Ørland. In 1800 that was 220 hectares of arable land, today it is only 45 hectares.
Second World War
During the Second World War , the German occupation built a fortress or Fort Austrått with the gun turret “C” of the battleship Gneisenau . It is the only turret of its kind that has survived. The fortress was razed in 1968. But the battery was maintained until 1977. In 1990 the fortress was bought by the Defense Department for 1,100,000 NKr. restored. Today there are guided tours of the fort in the summer. The fortress is under the administration of the Forsvarsbygg nasjonale festningsverk, which is responsible for the preservation of cultural monuments in connection with the defense of Norway.
literature
- Øyvind Reisegg: Article “Austrått - herregård i Ørland” in: Store norske leksikon , accessed on July 30, 2012.
- Øyvind Reisegg: Article “Austrått - bygninger” in: Store norske leksikon , accessed on July 30, 2012.
Web links
Individual evidence
The article was taken from the norsk leksikon store . Any other information is shown separately.
- ↑ Forsvarsbygg Austrått ( Memento of the original from May 28, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 63 ° 42 ' N , 9 ° 45' E