Brush and Local History Museum Schönheide

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Brush and Local History Museum Schönheide
Schönheide 003.jpg
The museum in the middle of the village next to the Martin Luther Church
Data
place Schönheide coordinates: 50 ° 30 ′ 11.9 ″  N , 12 ° 32 ′ 3.7 ″  EWorld icon
opening 2000
operator
Heimatgeschichtsverein eV
management
Andreas Schubert
Website

The brush and museum Schönheide of Schönheide ( Westerzgebirge ) shows collections on the history of Schönheider brush nindustrie and history .

history

building

The museum is located in the center of Schönheide on the main street next to the Martin Luther Church. The half-timbered house was built as a school in 1657. With the formation of an independent parish, it was converted into a parish office in 1680 and an annex was added. In 1848 a building commission found such deficiencies that it was no longer possible to inhabit the building. The greatest shortcomings were fixed, but in 1910 the pastor had to move out within two weeks because the damage was too great. A series of modifications followed. After the parish office moved out, the building was used as a residential building until the 1990s. Then the cladding that hid the half-timbering was removed and the house was renovated and prepared for museum purposes so that the museum could move in in 2000. The structure of the framework that supports the building can still be seen in some places inside.

The building is classified by the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments of Saxony as a cultural monument (with the monument number 08957041) and is on the list of cultural monuments in Schönheide with this description of the state office: Half-timbered building in the center of the village, formerly a rectory, part of the old local structure, of importance for the townscape and designated 1757 (Farmhouse) .

museum

There were plans for a museum in Schönheide even before the First World War, but the war, the post-war period, inflation and the economic crisis meant that they were not realized. In a publication for Schönheide tourists published around 1916, two so-called crosses of nails are depicted, the caption of which is “Crosses of nails in the local museum”. Around the same time, the “Heimatgrüße” committee appealed to Schönheid soldiers who were at the front in World War I to send in “views of the field, newspapers, posters, maps, self-made things, objets d'art, photographs”, which later went to the Heimatmuseum Should be provided. A “World War I picture exhibition” towards the end of the First World War in Schönheide showed not only art objects but also around a thousand postcards by soldiers. In a report in the last issue of “Heimatgrüße”, which appeared in November 1918, it is stated that the most important exhibits should be kept permanently in the Heimatmuseum.

The plans for a museum were only implemented after 1990. On the occasion of the 450th anniversary of the community, a number of objects suitable for museums were collected in 1987 and after the anniversary celebrations were stored in an annex to the town hall. These formed the basis for the museum, which was initially designed in Oberschönheide on a small scale in a former service building of the People's Police .

Permanent exhibition

Brush production 100 years ago
Church weather vane from 1699

ground floor

Brush and paintbrush production

The ground floor is dedicated to the history of the Schönheid brush industry and shows numerous exhibits in several rooms, such as machines from the early days of electrical engineering, equipment, raw materials such as brushwood, bristles and animal hair. Everything about the manufacture of brushes and paint brushes as well as the process of their manufacture can be seen. Regular demonstrations document the various crafts of brush making and paintbrush making. Not only manufacturing plants, but also packaging, advertising, administrative, letter and advertising material and documents from companies that have been based in Schönheide for the manufacture of brushes and paintbrushes are shown. Sales in the form of direct sales, particularly widespread in the 19th century, are documented.

First floor

Hammerwerk Schönheiderhammer

An area on the upper floor with products such as cast iron ovens and documents from the factory's history is dedicated to the hammer mill in the Schönheiderhammer district, which was built in 1566.

Craft history

The certificate of the founding of the craftsmen's guild from 1669 is a special exhibit in the area of ​​crafts, showing the establishment of a bakery, flags and trophies from craftsmen's associations, workpieces from joiners and carpenters and other items.

Eat-in kitchen from 1920
Eat-in kitchen from the 1920s
Shoemaker's workshop
Mechanic's workshop

The space for a homeworker in the kitchen-cum-living room of a working-class family shows the most modest living and working in a small space.

Village history

Numerous maps, views, pictures, drawings, photos, documents, exhibits such as weather vanes from the church and town hall, entrance signs - also in Cyrillic from the time of the occupation by Soviet troops in 1945 - and objects document the development of Schönheide as an industrial village. The mining history of the place is also sketched out. The Eibenstock painter and graphic artist Thomas is represented in the museum with a large graphic in the form of a replica of the map of the Kursachsen map by Matthias Oeder and Balthasar Zimmermann from around 1600 and with a drawing and description of the history of the museum building.

Shoemaker's workshop

The workshop of the shoemaker Kurt Petzold, who worked in Schönheide for decades, is exhibited in a room in the museum. The big felt boots stand out. The original journeyman and master craftsman's certificate hang next to the curriculum vitae of the master shoemaker: he passed the journeyman's examination in 1924, and did not become a master craftsman until 1947 - after World War II. A photo by Kurt Petzold shows him in his workshop.

Workshop of the sewing machine and bicycle mechanic Emil Oschatz

In front of the room with the workshop of the sewing machine and bicycle mechanic Emil Oschatz is a bicycle with an auxiliary engine from the 1930s, the two-stroke engine of which was attached to the handlebar and transferred its power to the front wheel with a friction wheel. Such bicycles were popularly known as chicken fright. The workshop gathers all the equipment and supplies that a mechanic in this field needs - as they were before 1950. The advertising materials and products in the workshop and its shop window are largely from before 1945. Emil Oschatz had his workshop in Schönheide from around 1935 to 1970. In addition to sewing machines and bicycles, he also repaired motor-driven two-wheelers - motorcycles and special features such as the "chicken fright".

A carpenter's workshop

A carpenter's equipment is collected from a time when people still had furniture made by carpenter and bone glue stood on the stove in the workshop. The address book from 1894 lists 21 joineries in Schönheide.

General store
Grocery store

Numerous collectibles and a small shop with everything that was needed for daily life are reminiscent of the time when there were grocery stores for all residents within walking distance in the large village of Schönheide. In 1894 there were 37 "material goods dealers", ie grocery stores, and eight "green goods dealers" in Schönheide. 16 butcher shops and 19 bakeries also offered their goods. In the 1930 address book there are 62 “green and material goods dealers”, 19 bakeries and 15 butchers.

Badge Karl Emanuel Klitzsch

The bronze plaque attached to the former school building opposite the museum in 1908 in memory of the composer Karl Emanuel Klitzsch , who was born in Schönheide in 1812 , was removed during the renovation of this building and its conversion for sacred use in the early 2000s. It now has a place in the museum.

Christmas pyramid from around 1835

A special exhibit and a great rarity is the Christmas pyramid on display in the museum from around 1835 in classicist forms with a baroque crown. It is colored, has a square plan, has twisted columns and curved supporting arches carved on top. It has a height of over a meter, is decorated with around 60 figures carved from wood and painted, and has three floors rotating around the central axis. On the lower turntable stand miners in a mining parade and craftsmen. One participant holds a flag with the inscription "Glück auf". The middle floor shows from the biblical Christmas story Mary and Joseph on their flight into Egypt, angels, soldiers and a scribe. The top floor reports in a little paradise garden about the fall of man with Eve and Adam with deer, poultry and other animals next to the tree of knowledge, around which a snake curls. Adam and Eve each hold an apple. Claus Leichsenring dates this pyramid in his work Erzgebirge Christmas Pyramids as coming from the first half of the 19th century and in an essay from 2017 to the time around 1835. Adolf Spamer writes about the creation: “The classic rotating tower from Schönheide with its baroque crowning likes go back to around 1830. ”The museum describes this Christmas pyramid as one of the oldest preserved in the Ore Mountains.

  • Christmas pyramid from 1830

  • The three storey pyramid

  • Adam and Eve on the tree of knowledge

  • Carved figures in a mountain parade

  • Middle floor: Mary and Joseph flee to Egypt

  • Angels with golden crowns

Outdoor area

The museum garden at the church

In the garden of the museum, a garden house from 1926 and a vestibule from 1890, which stood in front of the entrance of a residential building, and other objects suitable for the outside area, such as large decorative stones that were previously attached to the school, were set up. The houses are used for museum events. In addition to the museum garden, there are three steel bells cast in Schönheide's foundry Ungers Söhne in 1922 on the grounds of the Martin Luther Church. They were a replacement for bells melted down into cannons in the First World War. In 2012, the steel bells had to be replaced with two newly cast bronze bells due to irreparable damage. On the street side of the museum there are two cast-iron memorial plates that were created after the First World War and remind of the dead from this war who were athletes in Schönheide and Schönheiderhammer. Their original locations, such as the former gym on Obere Strasse, have been demolished. A rowan tree (Sorbus aucuparia) was planted in front of the museum .

Special shows

The museum regularly organizes special exhibitions on changing topics. The annual Christmas show transforms the rooms of the museum with its exhibits, in particular from the production of Ore Mountains handicrafts and folk art. These Christmas shows are each dedicated to individual topics or techniques. In 2017/18 the exhibition "The Railway - A Child's Game" attracted 1500 visitors. In 2015 the topic was "Flat carvings from Grünhainichen - figures by Emil Helbig", in 2014 the topic was "Dolls' room, grocery store, horse stable - toys in a housing", 2013 "Dr Himmel is e Lichterbugn" (The sky is an arc of light) and 2012 " Colorful printing. Nativity scenes, cards, calendars, stars - Christmas things made of cardboard and paper ”.

In 2018 there will be the special show "Natural resources - Saxon mountain riches in archives of the Freiberg mountain archive". In 2016, on the occasion of the 450th anniversary of the hammer mill in Schönheiderhammer, a special exhibition entitled “Uninterrupted: 450 Years of the Schönheiderhammer Ironworks” was on view from April 30 to October 16. Other special exhibitions in recent years have been "When someone does a journey ..." (2015), "With thread and paper - art with thread and paper" (2014), "Music on the handle - portable radios, pocket radios, radio recorders from the GDR" (2014) and “Strom für Schönheide” (2013). In 2007, on the occasion of the establishment of the Schönheider Sparkasse in 1882, there was a special exhibition entitled “Spare, learn, perform!”.

  • Christmas exhibitions
  • Christmas exhibition 2012 Museum Schönheide 9.jpg
  • Christmas exhibition 2012 Museum Schönheide 42.jpg
  • Christmas exhibition 2012 Schönheide Museum 50.jpg
  • Christmas exhibition 2012 Museum Schönheide 14.jpg
  • Christmas exhibition 2012 Schönheide Museum 31.jpg

Events

Museum sign on the market square

Every year on the second weekend in June there are craft days in and around the museum under the motto "Experience historical handicrafts", where brush makers and builders and artisans such as glove makers, tin foundries, gilders, saddlers, stonecutters, lead lasers and tree makers demonstrate their work . Many of their products can be bought. On the last weekend of February, hot-air engines, steam engines and vacuum engines will be demonstrated in operation under the title “Something is moving”. Often the models are designed and built by enthusiasts themselves. Owners of vintage motorcycles, cars, trucks, tractors and other vehicles travel to the annual "Oldtimertreff". They present their classic cars on a tour. There are also demonstrations such as show carving during the special exhibitions. The museum has taken over the museum night organized by numerous museums for itself. It was announced for January 16, 2016 as a “traditional museum night”.

History association

The museum is supported by the Schönheider Geschichtsverein e. V., which runs the museum with the help of grants from the Schönheide community and donations, but especially through the cooperation of the association members in maintaining the collections, setting up and dismantling the exhibitions, expert tours and demonstrations, supervision during opening times and participation in events . The director of the museum is Andreas Schubert, Schönheide.

Web links

Commons : Schönheide Brush and Local History Museum  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Website of the museum [1]
  2. ↑ Volker Bretschneider and Bernd Garn: Old Views of Schönheide - Greetings from Schönheide , Geiger-Verlag, Horb am Neckar 2012, ISBN 978-3-86595-460-2 , p. 48.
  3. ↑ Max Grohmann (Ed. On behalf of the Erzgebirgs-Zweigverein Schönheide): Auf nach Schönheide - Advice in pictures and words for locals and foreigners, for summer visitors, hikers and winter sports fans [...] , Schönheide o. J. (1916), p. 20th
  4. ^ Committee for "Heimatgrüße" (Ed.): Heimatgrüße. Dedicated to our dear field gray and sea blue by their home communities Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide . Monthly news from home, p. 72 (issue 9, August number 1916) digitized in the Berlin State Library
  5. ^ Committee for "Heimatgrüße" (Ed.): Heimatgrüße. Dedicated to our dear field gray and sea blue by their home communities Schönheide, Schönheiderhammer and Neuheide . Monthly news from home, p. 269 (issue 33/34, September and October 1918) digitized in the Berlin State Library
  6. ↑ Website of the museum [2]
  7. ↑ Möckels address and information books - Schönheide i. Erzgeb., Möckels Verlag, Leipzig 1894, p. 33 digitized
  8. ↑ Möckels address and information books - Schönheide i. Erzgeb., Möckels Verlag, Leipzig 1894, p. 25 digitized
  9. ↑ Möckels address and information books - Schönheide i. Erzgeb., Möckels Verlag, Leipzig 1894, p. 23 digitized
  10. ↑ Möckels address and information books - Schönheide i. Erzgeb., Möckels Verlag, Leipzig 1894, p. 18 digitized
  11. ↑ Address book for the cities of Aue, Eibenstock, Lößnitz, Schneeberg and 21 rural communities in this district, Aue 1930, p. 475f. Digitized
  12. ↑ Address book for the cities of Aue, Eibenstock, Lößnitz, Schneeberg and 21 rural communities in this district, Aue 1930, p. 473 digitized
  13. ↑ Address book for the cities of Aue, Eibenstock, Lößnitz, Schneeberg and 21 rural communities in this district, Aue 1930, p. 475 digitized
  14. ^ Manfred Blechschmidt : Christmas customs in the Erzgebirge , Altis-Verlag, Friedrichsthal 2010, p. 75, ISBN 978-3-910195-60-8
  15. ↑ Claus Leichsenring : Erzgebirge Christmas Pyramids - Development, Production and Design , White-Green Series 2 of the State Office for Ore Mountains and Vogtland Folk Culture, Saxon Printing and Publishing House, Dresden 1993, page 51 with reference to the illustration of the Schönheider pyramid in this publication on page 44
  16. ↑ Claus Leichsenring : Representation of Christmas games on pyramids , in: Erzgebirgische Heimatblätter, issue 6/2017, Marienberg 2017, p. 2f.
  17. ^ Adolf Spamer : Deutsche Volkskunst , Sachsen, Böhlau-Verlag, 2nd edition, Weimar 1954
  18. ↑ Labeling on the exhibit in the museum
  19. ↑ Schönheider Wochenblatt No. 24/07 of June 15, 2007, p. 2
  20. ↑ Schönheider Wochenblatt No. 9/18 of March 2, 2018, p. 2
  21. ↑ Schönheider Wochenblatt No. 6 and 7/16 of February 12, 2016, p. 1f.
  22. ↑ Website of the museum [3]
  23. ↑ Website of the museum [4]
  24. ↑ Website of the museum [5]
  25. ↑ Website of the museum [6]
  26. ↑ Schönheider Wochenblatt, No. 13 and 14/18 of March 29, 2018, p. 3
  27. ↑ Freie Presse, regional edition Aue, April 30, 2016
  28. ↑ Schönheider Wochenblatt No. 17/16 of April 29, 2016, p. 2
  29. ↑ Website of the museum [7]
  30. ↑ Website of the museum [8]
  31. ↑ Schönheider Wochenblatt No. 42/14 of October 17, 2014; P. 2
  32. ↑ Website of the museum [9]
  33. ↑ Website of the museum [10]
  34. ↑ Schönheider Wochenblatt No. 24/07 of June 15, 2007, p. 1
  35. ↑ Schönheider Wochenblatt No. 22/07 of June 1, 2007, p. 5
  36. ↑ Reports on the event on February 27 and 28, 2016 in Schönheider Wochenblatt No. 8/16 of February 26, 2016, p. 3 and No. 9/16 of March 4, 2016, p. 1, 3
  37. ^ Report on the event in 2007 in Schönheider Wochenblatt No. 35/07 of August 31, 2007, pp. 1 and 2
  38. ↑ Website of the museum [11]
  39. ↑ a b Schönheider Wochenblatt No. 2/16 of January 15, 2016, p. 3