BIBFRAME

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BIBFRAME (Bibliographic Framework) is a data model for bibliographic data. BIBFRAME was designed to replace the MARC exchange format and to apply linked data principles to increase the usefulness of library catalogs both inside and outside the library community.

history

The MARC standard that BIBFRAME is supposed to replace was developed by Henriette Avram in the American Library of Congress during the 1960s. In 1971 MARC had become the national standard for the distribution of catalog data in the USA, and in 1973 it was also an international standard.

In a 2002 article, Roy Tennant argued that "MARC must die" ("MARC must die"). He gave the reason that the standard is out of date, is only used in the library community and has been optimized for display, not storage or search. A 2008 Library of Congress report found that MARC "is based on forty-year-old data management techniques and is no longer consistent with today's programming techniques."

In 2012, the Library of Congress announced that it had hired data management company Zepheira to develop a linked data alternative to MARC. That same year, the library announced a new data model called MARC Resources (MARCR) and released a more complete draft of the data model in November, now called BIBFRAME.

The Library of Congress released version 2.0 of BIBFRAME in 2016.

design

Illustration of the BIBFRAME 2.0 model, with three abstraction levels (in blue) - Work, Instance, Item - and three associated classes (in orange) - Agent, Subject, Event.

BIBFRAME is written in RDF and is based on three central abstraction levels (Work, Instance, Item), with three additional classes (Agent, Subject, Event) that are linked to the central categories. While work in BIBFRAME as a junction of the categories Work and expression in FRBR model of IFLA can grasp the category corresponds Instance in BIBFRAME category manifestation in FRBR. This is a break with FRBR and the FRBR-based Resource Description and Access (RDA) cataloging rules. However, the BIBFRAME model indicates that the new model "after applying reductive techniques can express the FRBR relationships as a graph rather than a hierarchical relationship." Since both FRBR and BIBFRAME are formulated in RDF, their interoperability on a technical level is possible.

Specific formats

Although the BIBFRAME model currently has a category for periodicals , there are still issues that need to be resolved before the model can be used to catalog periodicals. In BIBFRAME some data fields for periodicals that are available in MARC are missing.

A 2014 report was positive about BIBFRAME's suitability for describing audio and video resources. However, doubts were also expressed about the Work category , which is not suitable for describing some audio resources.

Implementations

  • Colorado College's Tutt Library has created several experimental applications using BIBFRAME.
  • 14 other research libraries are testing the model (as of 2016).
  • Ex Libris published a roadmap for the implementation of BIBFRAME in their library system, including a MARC-to-BIBFRAME conversion.

Related initiatives and standards

  • RDA , FRBR , FRBRoo , FRAD , and FRSAD are recorded in RDF format in the Open Metadata Registry, a database for metadata schemes.
  • The Schema Bib Extend project, a group sponsored by the W3C , is working to make Schema.org useful for bibliographic data.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Eric Miller: Bibliographic Framework as a Web of Data: Linked Data Model and Supporting Services . Library of Congress. November 21, 2012. Retrieved May 28, 2014.
  2. ↑ Matt Schudel: Henriette Avram, 'Mother of MARC,' Dies . Library of Congress. Retrieved June 22, 2013.
  3. ^ Roy Tennant: MARC Must Die . In: Library Journal . 127, No. 17, September, pp. 26-27.
  4. ^ On the Record . The Library of Congress Working Group on the Future of Bibliographic Control. January 9, 2008.
  5. ^ The Library of Congress Announces Modeling Initiative . In: BIBFRAME . Library of Congress. Retrieved May 28, 2014.
  6. ^ Sally McCallum: Bibliographic Framework Initiative Approach for MARC Data as Linked Data . In: 7th Annual IGeLU Conference . September 13, 2012. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
  7. ↑ a b Overview of the BIBFRAME 2.0 Model . Library of Congress. April 21, 2016. Retrieved July 6, 2016.
  8. ↑ Sally McCallum: BIBFRAME Development . In: JLIS.it . 8, No. 3, September, pp. 71-85. doi : 10.4403 / jlis.it-12415 .
  9. ↑ Sofia Zapounidou, Michalis Sfakakis, Christos Papatheodorou: Representing and integrating bibliographic information into the Semantic Web: A comparison of four conceptual models . In: Journal of Information Science . 43, No. 4, June 1, 2016, pp. 525–553. doi : 10.1177 / 0165551516650410 .
  10. ^ Erik Mitchell: Three Case Studies in Linked Open Data . In: Library Technology Reports . 49, No. 5, September, pp. 26-43.
  11. ↑ Sofia Zapounidou, Michalis Sfakakis, Christos Papatheodorou: Highlights of Library Data Models in the Era of Linked Open Data . In: Metadata and Semantics Research . In: Metadata and Semantics Research Conference, Thessaloniki, Greece. Springer, pp. 396-407. ISBN 9783319034362
  12. ↑ Nancy Fallgren, Michael Lauruhn, Regina Romano Reynolds, Laurie Kaplan: The Missing Link: The Evolving Current State of Linked Data for serial . In: The Serials Librarian . 66, No. 1–4, May 2, 2014, pp. 123–138. doi : 10.1080 / 0361526X.2014.879690 .
  13. ↑ kiegel: MARC 008 for continuing resources . Retrieved April 22, 2015.
  14. ↑ Kara Van Malssen: BIBFRAME AV Modeling Study: Defining a Flexible Model for Description of Audiovisual Resources . Library of Congress. Archived from the original on August 10, 2014. Retrieved August 1, 2014.
  15. ↑ Jeremy Nelson: Building a Library App Portfolio with Redis and Django . In: code4lib . No. 19, 2013. Retrieved May 30, 2014.
  16. ↑ BIBFRAME Implementation Register . Retrieved July 6, 2016.
  17. ↑ Ex Libris Increases Library Connectivity with Implementation of BIBFRAME Roadmap . Retrieved May 8, 2017.
  18. ↑ Open Metadata Registry ( en ) Retrieved April 30, 2017.
  19. ^ Carol Jean Godby: The Relationship between BIBFRAME and OCLC's Linked-Data Model of Bibliographic Description: A Working Paper . Retrieved May 30, 2014.